| BG | blood glucose |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CCS | corticosteroids |
| CIs | confidence interval |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| ED | emergency department |
| FBG | fasting blood glucose |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| IL-1 | interleukin 1 |
| IL-6 | interleukin 6 |
| OR | odds ratio |
| SH | stress hyperglycemia |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor α |
| URI | upper respiratory infections |