FVC	forced volume capacity
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CO	carbon monoxide
NOx	nitrogen oxides
SO2	sulfur dioxide
IPA	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PM	particulate matter
VOC	volatile organic compounds
COHb	carboxyhemoglobin
NO2	nitrogen dioxide
B[a]P	benzo-[a]-pyrene
IARC	International Agency for Research on Cancer
ESCAPE	European study of cohorts for air pollution effects
SIN	sites of national interest
CISAS	International Center for Advanced Studies in Environment, Ecosystem and Human Health
OMS	World Health Organization
POP	persistent organic pollutants
PCB	polychlorinated biphenyls
PBDE	polybrominated diphenyl ethers
EFSA	European Food Safety Authority
TLR4/NF-kB	Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
UE	European Union
AM	alveolar macrophages
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor
IL-	interleukin-
DAMP	damage-associated molecular pattern
GM-CSF	granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
TSLP	timic stromal lymphopoietin
O3	ozone
C6H6	benzene
As	arsenic
Cd	cadmium
Ni	nickel
ROS	reactive oxygen species
DUOX1	duox ossidasi 1
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nrf2	erythroid 2-like 2
ALI	air–liquid interface
LOC	lung-on-a-chip
IPSC	induced pluripotent stem cells
NP	nanoparticles
TEER	transepithelial electrical resistance
NAC	N-acetyl cysteine
Hg	mercury
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
RNA	ribonucleic acid
mRNA	messenger RNA
Zonula Occludens-1	ZO-1