Table 6.

Associations between gait characteristics and OA progression.

Parameter	Sex		Contribution to OA Development
	Women	Men
Knee
knee extension before initial contact	reduced [37]	increased [37]	greater mechanical work in joints; therefore, more intense cartilage wear in females [37,71]
knee flexion moment in pre-swing	increased [37]	reduced [37]
peak mechanical joint power absorption at the knee pre-swing	increased [37]	reduced [37]
knee adduction moment (KAM)	lower [38]	higher [38]	no correlation reported
	no gender difference in the first peak (KAM), second peak KAM lower in women [40]		no correlation reported
	higher [39]	lower [39]	greater knee medial compartment load in females [39]
hip flexion	increased [37]	decreased [37]	greater mechanical work in joints; therefore, more intense cartilage wear in females [37,71]