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. 2022 Mar 7;27(5):1741. doi: 10.3390/molecules27051741

Table 3.

Concentrations [%] of extracts of phenolic acids coming from selected cereal genotypes grown in Poland and Minimum Lethal Concentration (MLC) of extracts against selected bacteria (ML, PF, EC, PM) and microscopic fungi (Fusarium spp).

Cereal Species Cereal Cultivar Concentration of the Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds [%] Concentration of Phenolic Compounds in Extract
[μg/g Extract]
Mean Major Compounds ± SD [μg/g extract] Inoculated with Fusarium spp. MLC Extracts against Selected Pathogens [μg/g Extract]
Bacteria Microscopic Fungi
ML PF EC PM KF350 FC NIV KF846 FC 3AcDON ZFR 29 FG 3AcDON ZFR 119 FG NIV 8051 FL
WINTER INOCULATEDE Wheat Astoria 1.6 133.4 Ferulic 1.6 ± 0.05 0.6 ± 0.02 0.6 ± 0.03 0.6 ± 0.05 0.8 ± 0.03 0.8 ± 0.02 0.5 ± 0.03 0.25 ± 0.03 0.5 ± 0.04
Wheat KWS Ozon 2.54 72.6 Ferulic 2.54 ± 0.03 2.54 ± 0.06 0.95 ± 0.05 0.95 ± 0.04 2.54 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.03 0.5 ± 0.05 2.54 ± 0.04 1.27 ± 0.03
Open pollinated rye Rostockie 2.24 86.6 Ferulic, Gallic, Naringenin 2.24 ± 0.03 2.24 ± 0.04 0.84 ± 0.03 0.84 ± 0.04 2.24 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.05 0.25 ± 0.03
Open pollinated rye Agrikolo 1.62 138.27 Ferulic, Gallic, Naringenin 1.62 ± 0.05 0.61 ± 0.03 1.62 ± 0.04 1.62 ± 0.03 0.5 ± 0.05 0.5 ± 0.05 0.25 ± 0.04 1.62 ± 0.03 0.25 ± 0.04
Hybrid rye Tur 2.44 94.85 Ferulic, Naringenin 0.07 ± 0.005 0.91 ±0.03 2.44 ± 0.05 2.44 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.05 2.44 ± 0.04 1.22 ± 0.03 2.44 ± 0.04 1.22 ± 0.04
Hybrid rye Dolaro 2.68 84.81 Ferulic, Naringenin 2.68 ± 0.02 2.68 ± 0.05 2.68 ± 0.03 2.68 ± 0.03 2.68 ± 0.03 2.68 ± 0.03 2.68 ± 0.05 1.34 ± 0.04 1.34 ± 0.04
Rye S74n05 3.4 68.82 Ferulic, Sinapic 3.4 ± 0.04 3.4 ± 0.04 1.28 ± 0.03 1.28 ± 0.05 3.4 ± 0.05 3.4 ± 0.04 3.4 ± 0.06 3.4 ± 0.05 3.4 ± 0.05
Triticale Palermo 3.26 31.04 Ferulic, Sinapic 0.1 ± 0.01 1.22 ± 0.05 1.22 ± 0.04 1.22 ± 0.05 3.26 ± 0.04 3.26 ± 0.04 3.26 ± 0.04 3.26 ± 0.03 3.26 ± 0.04
Triticale Borowik 1.92 35.8 Ferulic, Sinapic 1.92 ± 0.4 1.92 ± 0.06 1.92 ± 0.05 1.92 ± 0.05 0.25 ± 0.05 0.5 ± 0.02 1.92 ± 0.05 0.96 ± 0.03 1.92 ±0.05
SPRING INOCULATEDE Malting barley Nokia 3.82 60.78 Ferulic, Naringenin 3.82 ± 0.05 1.43 ± 0.04 3.82 ±0.05 1.43 ± 0.02 1.91 ± 0.03 1.91 ± 0.02 3.82 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.04
Fodder barley Argento 2.96 186.82 Ferulic, Quercitine, Naringenin 0.74 ± 0.03 0.98 ± 0.02 0.89 ± 0.03 0.74 ± 0.02 0.75 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.05 0.25 ± 0.03
Triticale Milkaro 2.66 68.19 Ferulic, Sinapic 2.66 ± 0.04 1.00 ± 0.05 1.00 ± 0.04 1.00 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.03 2.66 ± 0.06 2.66 ± 0.03 2.66 ± 0.03
Triticale Dublet 3.5 34.74 Ferulic, Sinapic 3.5 ± 0.05 3.5 ± 0.05 1.31 ±0.03 1.31 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.03 3.5 ± 0.04 3.5 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.04
Fodder barley KWS Harris 1.6 160.62 Ferulic, Quercitine, Naringenin 0.05 ± 0.001 0.6 ± 0.05 0.6 ± 0.04 1.6 ± 0.05 0.5 ± 0.03 0.8 ± 0.02 0.8 ± 0.03 1.6 ± 0.05 0.5 ± 0.03
Hulless oat Amant 3.46 59.63 Ferulic, Sinapic, Naringenin, Vitaxin 3.46 ± 0.04 1.3 ± 0.04 1.3 ± 0.03 1.3 ± 0.05 1.73 ± 0.04 3.46 ± 0.04 3.46 ± 0.03 3.46 ± 0.05 1.73 ± 0.03
Wheat Kandela 2.86 32.9 Ferulic 2.86 ± 0.05 2.86 ± 0.04 1.07 ± 0.03 1.07 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.04 2.86 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.02
Malting barley KWS Irina 1.9 72.52 Ferulic, Quercitine, Naringenin 1.9 ± 0.02 0.71 ± 0.03 0.71 ± 0.02 0.71 ± 0.04 1.9 ± 0.04 0.95 ± 0.05 1.9 ± 0.04 1.9 ± 0.04 0.5 ± 0.04
Hulless oat Siwek 3.66 53.82 Ferulic, Sinapic, Naringenin, Vitaxin 3.66 ± 0.04 3.66 ± 0.04 1.37 ± 0.04 1.37 ± 0.03 1.83 ± 0.03 3.66 ± 0.05 3.66 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.03 1.83 ± 0.03
Triticale Milewo 3.88 63.2 Ferulic 3.88 ± 0.05 1.46 ± 0.04 1.46 ± 0.04 1.46 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.03 3.88 ± 0.03 3.88 ± 0.05
Durum wheat SMH 87 2.96 12.5 Ferulic 2.96 ± 0.04 2.96 ± 0.04 2.96 ± 0.05 2.96 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.05 2.96 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.04
Wheat Torka 2.72 69.23 Ferulic, Sinapic 2.72 ± 0.05 1.02 ± 0.05 1.02 ± 0.05 1.02 ± 0.03 0.25 ± 0.04 2.72 ± 0.03 2.72 ± 0.05 2.72 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.03
Triticale Nagano 1.94 94.63 Ferulic, Sinapic 1.94 ± 0.03 0.73 ± 0.03 0.73 ± 0.02 0.73 ± 0.03 1.94 ± 0.04 0.5 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.03 0.97 ± 0.04 0.25 ± 0.03
Hulled oat Nawigator 2.94 125.6 Ferulic, Sinapic, t-Cinnamic, Naringenin, Vitaxin 2.94 ± 0.04 1.1 ± 0.02 2.94 ± 0.04 2.94 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.04 0.75 ± 0.04
Hulled oat Bingo 2.38 119.63 Ferulic, Sinapic, t-Cinnamic, Naringenin, Vitaxin 2.38 ± 0.03 2.38 ± 0.04 0.89 ± 0.04 2.38 ± 0.05 0.5 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.05 1.19 ± 0.04