Table 1.

Comparison of maximum current and power efficiency for different types of FCs.

Electrode	Catalyst	Fabrication Method	Types of FCs	Maximum Current/ Power Efficiency	Reference
ITO-PEN a ITO-PEN a	TM b/GO c TM b	Electro-spraying	Photosynthetic electrons from plant	3.92 μA/cm2 0.41 μA/cm2	[71]
GC d	TM b/rGO e	Electro-reduction and electro-deposition	Photobioelectrochemical FCs	5.24 µA/cm2	[72]
ITO f	GO c-TM b rGO e-TM b	Drop-casting	Photoelectrochemical	21.37 µA/cm2 18.95 µA/cm2	[73]
CC g	TiO2/rGO e	Electro-spinning	BPV	34.66 mW/m2	[74]
Glass	rGO e film	LB method	Biological	-	[34]
ITO f	rGO e film	LB method	BPV	6.94 × 105 W/m2	[70]
ITO f	rGO e film	LB method	BPV	0.14 mW/m2	[62]

^a Indium tin oxide-coated polyethylene naphthalate; ^b thylakoid membrane; ^c grapheneoxide; ^d glassy carbon rotating disk electrodes; ^e reduced graphene oxide; ^f indium tin oxide; ^g carbon cloth.