Table 1.
Enological parameters of Aglianico red wines from 2018 vintage, obtained by early basal leaf removal treatments.
| Parameters | CT | DN | DS | DNS | Sig. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Glucose + Fructose (g/L) | 0.12 a | 0.02 | 0.31 c | 0.01 | 0.24 b | 0.01 | 0.39 d | 0.02 | *** |
| Ethanol (%vol) | 13.17 a | 0.03 | 13.52 c | 0.03 | 13.32 b | 0.06 | 13.82 d | 0.03 | *** |
| PH | 3.20 | 0.04 | 3.16 | 0.05 | 3.23 | 0.04 | 3.18 | 0.04 | ns |
| Total acidity (g/L) | 5.89 | 0.20 | 6.12 | 0.20 | 5.81 | 0.22 | 6.10 | 0.19 | ns |
| Tartaric acid (g/L) | 1.29 | 0.34 | 1.30 | 0.36 | 1.33 | 0.19 | 1.33 | 0.34 | ns |
| Citric acid (g/L) | 0.26 | 0.01 | 0.28 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 0.00 | ns |
| Malic acid (g/L) | 0.98 | 0.03 | 0.94 | 0.04 | 0.94 | 0.01 | 0.91 | 0.06 | ns |
| Acetic acid (g/L) | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | ns |
| IPT | 35.07 a | 1.81 | 40.47 b | 0.76 | 36.00 a | 1.31 | 40.20 b | 0.75 | ** |
Different letters indicate significant differences for Tukey’s test at p < 0.05. Signs: **—significance at p < 0.01; ***—significance at p < 0.001; ns—not significant; CT—control; DN—defoliation on the north side of the canopy; DS—defoliation on the south side of the canopy; DNS—defoliation on both sides of the canopy.