Table 1.
Phenolic profile (mg kg−1 DW) of Olea europaea leaves (Giarraffa variety) under control (C) and UV-B conditions sampled at the 2nd (T2), 4th (T4), 6th (T6), and 8th (T8) week after the onset of stress. Values are mean ± standard deviation (n = 3–4). Rt—retention time; Nd—not detected; is.—isomer. ANOVA showed that most of chemical components were significantly affected by the main factors and their interactions.
| Rt (min) | Compound | [M-H]− (m/z) |
MS2 (m/z) Fragments |
T2 | T4 | T6 | T8 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | UV-B | C | UV-B | C | UV-B | C | UV-B | ||||
| Flavonoids | |||||||||||
| 9.8 | Apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside | 593 | 353/383/503/575 | 169.9 ± 15.3 | 297.6 ± 31.6 | 174.3 ± 8.49 | 329.4 ± 10.3 | 179.6 ± 7.2 | 443.8 ± 15.0 | 175.9 ± 4.6 | 493.4 ± 9.8 |
| 11.9 | Luteolin-7-O-rutinoside is. 1 | 593 | 285/447 | 175.1 ± 15.5 | Nd | 183.0 ± 9.65 | Nd | 57.3 ± 10.1 | Nd | 87.1 ± 11.6 | Nd |
| 12.2 | Dihydroquercetin | 303 | 125/177/285 | 181.2 ± 18.8 | 309.1 ± 31.5 | 196.5 ± 12.1 | 335.6 ± 10.8 | 201.9 ± 18.3 | 445.9 ± 15.6 | 351.0 ± 36.7 | 503.9 ± 23.7 |
| 12.5 | Quercetin-3-O-glucoside | 463 | 301 | 170.3 ± 15.0 | 337.7 ± 39.3 | 174.5 ± 8.41 | 346.2 ± 10.9 | 180.1 ± 7.3 | Nd | 180.5 ± 4.9 | 519.9 ± 48.8 |
| 12.9 | Apigenin-7-O-rutinoside | 577 | 269 | 185.4 ± 17.8 | 392.2 ± 43.3 | 189.2 ± 10.5 | 379.6 ± 11.3 | 225.7 ± 35.6 | 473.7 ± 27.1 | 269.6 ± 24.0 | 531.4 ± 61.5 |
| 13.1 | Luteolin 7-O-rutinoside is. 2 | 593 | 285/447 | 179.6 ± 18.2 | 342.8 ± 36.6 | 184.4 ± 9.71 | 347.7 ± 10.9 | 64.9 ± 18.2 | 450.6 ± 17.0 | 81.0 ± 16.9 | 523.1 ± 50.1 |
| 13.5 | Luteolin-4′-methyl ether | 607 | 284/299 | 188.1 ± 18.2 | 331.1 ± 35.2 | 194.8 ± 11.5 | 343.2 ± 10.8 | 74.3 ± 24.3 | 453.6 ± 19.1 | 130.8 ± 19.2 | 535.0 ± 67.6 |
| 13.6 | Luteolin-7-O-glucoside | 447 | 289 | 173.8 ± 15.9 | Nd | 180.0 ± 9.13 | Nd | 51.8 ± 7.1 | Nd | 70.0 ± 6.6 | Nd |
| 15.9 | Luteolin | 285 | 211.6 ± 21.4 | 563.4 ± 66.2 | 227.0 ± 19.0 | 522.7 ± 14.6 | 165.4 ± 75.7 | 514.8 ± 46.5 | 253.1 ± 36.8 | 606.9 ± 171.6 | |
| 16.7 | Diosmetin is. 1 | 299 | 284 | 171.3 ± 15.5 | 318.4 ± 34.4 | 174.9 ± 8.52 | 335.2 ± 10.9 | 183.2 ± 7.2 | 445.6 ± 15.8 | 174.9 ± 4.7 | 501.1 ± 18.4 |
| 17.6 | Apigenin | 269 | 149 | 176.3 ± 16.4 | 432.8 ± 39.7 | 179.2 ± 9.15 | 391.3 ± 11.2 | 196.5 ± 14.7 | 463.3 ± 23.2 | 202.4 ± 6.9 | 541.9 ± 77.2 |
| 17.9 | Diosmetin is. 2 | 299 | 284 | 182.7 ± 15.2 | 368.1 ± 38.6 | 187.7 ± 10.4 | 373.5 ± 11.0 | 224.7 ± 33.8 | 465.8 ± 24.6 | 237.9 ± 17.9 | 575.5 ± 124.9 |
| 20.1 | Diosmetin is. 3 | 299 | 284 | 169.7 ± 15.2 | 349.1 ± 35.5 | 174.1 ± 8.38 | 350.0 ± 10.8 | 179.9 ± 7.2 | 449.0 ± 17.1 | 178.2 ± 4.8 | 533.8 ± 66.6 |
| Secoiridoid | |||||||||||
| 11.3 | Decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone | 319 | 183 | 175.2 ± 16.0 | Nd | 181.6 ± 9.58 | Nd | 96.5 ± 40.1 | Nd | 52.8 ± 6.0 | Nd |
| Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives | |||||||||||
| 10.6 | β-Hydroxyverbascoside is. 1 | 639 | 529/621 | 177.0 ± 16.5 | 295.3 ± 31.7 | 195.2 ± 11.8 | 327.4 ± 9.6 | 72.2 ± 5.5 | 447.0 ± 16.1 | 104.7 ± 7.3 | 490.6 ± 7.6 |
| 10.7 | β-Hydroxyverbascoside is. 2 | 639 | 529/621 | 181.7 ± 17.4 | 296.5 ± 31.9 | 204.5 ± 13.9 | 328.7 ± 10.1 | 76.7 ± 9.6 | 448.3 ± 16.8 | 119.9 ± 10.4 | 492.0 ± 8.9 |