| Ag NPs | silver nanoparticles |
| BGN | bioactive glass nanoparticles |
| BHI | brain heart infusion broth |
| CFU | colony-forming unit |
| Cs NPs | chitosan nanoparticles |
| CuO NPs | copper oxide nanoparticles |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| GIC | glass ionomer cement |
| HNTs | halloysite nanotubes |
| MDPC-23 | odontoblast-like cell line |
| MIC | minimal inhibitory concentration |
| MgO NPs | magnesium oxide nanoparticles |
| nCaF2 | calcium fluoride nanoparticles |
| L929 | mouse fibroblast cell line |
| NCP | calcium phosphate nanoparticles |
| NDs | nanodiamonds |
| nHAps | hydroxyapatite nanoparticles |
| PMMA | poly(methyl methacrylate) |
| TiO2 NPs | titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles |
| QND | quaternized nanodiamond |
| YFN | yttrium fluoride nanoparticles |
| ZnO NPs | zinc oxide nanoparticles |
| ZrO2 NPs | zirconium(IV) oxide nanoparticles |
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