Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the participants and differences in mental health states.
| Variables | n (%) | Stress (CPSS) | Anxiety (SAS) | Post-traumatic stress disorder (PCL-5) | Social support (PSSS) |
| Gender | 526 (100%) | 23.99 (7.816) | 41.52 (10.539) | 23.22 (13.708) | 58.25 (17.024) |
| Male | 234 (44.5%) | 23.53 (8.450) | 41.11 (11.390) | 23.43 (23.055) | 58.03 (17.667) |
| Female | 292 (55.5%) | 24.36 (7.262) | 41.85 (9.812) | 23.05 (13.144) | 58.42 (16.520) |
| t | −1.22 | −0.79 | 0.31 | −0.26 | |
| P | .224 | .427 | .754 | .792 | |
| Age | 526 (100%) | 23.99 (7.816) | 41.52 (10.539) | 23.22 (13.708) | 58.25 (17.024) |
| 18-29 | 270 (51.3%) | 26.29 (7.518) | 42.44 (11.069) | 25.77 (15.384) | 58.83 (16.703) |
| 30-49 | 174 (33.0%) | 21.71 (7.052) | 40.59 (9.277) | 20.32 (11.390) | 56.79 (17.671) |
| >=50 | 82 (15.6%) | 21.24 (8.096) | 40.48 (11.109) | 21.00 (10.502) | 59.43 (16.67) |
| F | 26.55 | 2.12 | 9.95 | 1.00 | |
| P | <.001 | .121 | <.001 | .370 | |
| Only child | 526 (100%) | 23.99 (7.816) | 41.52 (10.539) | 23.22 (13.708) | 58.25 (17.024) |
| Yes | 227 (43.2%) | 25.01 (7.364) | 41.48 (10.583) | 24.50 (14.182) | 59.66 (17.137) |
| No | 299 (56.8%) | 23.21 (8.070) | 41.55 (10.524) | 22.25 (13.279) | 57.180 (16.889) |
| t | 2.66 | −0.07 | 1.86 | 1.66 | |
| P | .008 | .941 | .063 | .099 | |
| Education | 526 (100%) | 23.99 (7.816) | 41.52 (10.539) | 23.22 (13.708) | 58.25 (17.024) |
| Until high School | 144 (27.4%) | 22.85 (8.278) | 41.99 (11.025) | 21.65 (13.670) | 55.05 (19.419) |
| Undergraduate or above | 382 (72.6%) | 24.42 (7.603) | 41.34 (10.360) | 23.81 (13.694) | 59.46 (15.890) |
| t | −2.05 | 0.63 | −1.62 | −2.43 | |
| P | .041 | .527 | .107 | .016 | |
| Occupation | 526 (100%) | 23.99 (7.816) | 41.52 (10.539) | 23.22 (13.708) | 58.25 (17.024) |
| Student | 225 (42.8%) | 26.27 (7.542) | 42.25 (11.313) | 26.02 (15.323) | 59.43 (16.206) |
| Unemployed | 6 (1.1%) | 27.00 (5.020) | 43.00 (8.025) | 24.33 (10.690) | 44.67 (15.680) |
| Employed | 285 (54.2%) | 22.07 (7.508) | 40.67 (9.625) | 20.80 (11.843) | 57.65 (17.646) |
| Retired | 10 (1.9%) | 25.70 (9.989) | 48.40 (15.643) | 28.60 (14.661) | 56.90 (15.337) |
| F | 13.47 | 2.46 | 6.82 | 1.78 | |
| P | <.001 | .062 | <.001 | .150 | |
| Residential district | 526 (100%) | 23.99 (7.816) | 41.52 (10.539) | 23.22 (13.708) | 58.25 (17.024) |
| Hubei Province | 83 (15.8%) | 24.02 (8.687) | 42.35 (11.543) | 22.05 (13.901) | 58.51 (17.761) |
| Other Province | 443 (84.2%) | 23.98 (7.653) | 41.36 (10.347) | 23.44 (13.677) | 58.20 (16.903) |
| t | 0.05 | 0.78 | −0.85 | 0.15 | |
| P | .964 | .435 | .396 | .881 |
CPSS = Chinese version of perceived psychological stress scale, PCL-5 = PTSD checklist for DSM-5, PSSS = perceived social support scale, SAS = self-rating anxiety scale.