Fig. 1.

(A) Control group demonstrating thick germinal epithelium including different stages of germ cells and the slender luminal area carrying spermatozoa; (B) PFOS group displaying sloughing of the epithelial layer, vacant lumen, and degeneration of IS; (C) PFOS + Pachypodol group displaying reduced sloughing of germinal epithelium, TL filled with ST and degenerated IS; (D) Pachypodol group representing compact ST with less IS. IS Interstitial spaces; TL: Tubular lumen; EH: Seminiferous Epithelial height; ST: Seminiferous tubules; TA: Tunica albuginea; SG: Spermatogonia; ST: Spermatids; PS: Primary spermatocytes; SS: Secondary spermatocytes.