Table 2.

Nutritional status and anthropometric measurements of under-five children by household food-security status (n = 350).

Measurements	Household food-secure (n = 100)	Household food-insecure (n = 250)	P-value
Weight (kg)
Mean ± SD	14.83 ± 3.59	12.95 ± 4.02	0.004a*
Height/Length (cm)
Mean ± SD	74.72 ± 31.07	58.25 ± 40.81	0.012 a*
MUAC (cm)
Mean ± SD	17.56 ± 0.93	13.62 ± 2.86	<0.001a*
WAZ (z-score)
Mean ± SD	0.51 ± 1.14	−0.51 ± 1.54	<0.001a*
HAZ (z-score)
Mean ± SD	−1.28 ± 1.52	−1.34 ± 1.75	0.834a
WHZ (z-score)
Mean ± SD	0.82 ± 1.26	0.38 ± 1.63	0.086a
MUACZ (z-score)
Mean ± SD	1.46 ± 0.44	−1.22 ± 1.61	<0.001a*
Underweight
Normal	100 (100)	174.0 (69.6)	<0.001b*
Moderate	0.0 (0.0)	76.0 (30.4)
Severe	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)
Stunting
Normal	82.0 (82.0)	168.0 (67.2)	0.064b
Moderate	18.0 (18.0)	82.0 (32.8)
Severe	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)
Wasting
Normal	96.0 (96.0)	226 (90.4)	0.355c
Moderate	4.0 (4.0)	24.0 (9.6)
Severe	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)
Acute undernutrition
Normal	100.0 (100)	174.0 (69.6)	<0.001b*
Moderate	0.0 (0.0)	76.0 (30.4)
Severe	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)

MUAC, Mid upper arm circumference; WAZ, weight for age z-score; HAZ, Height/length for age z-score; WHZ, weight for height/length z-score; MUACZ, Mid upper arm circumference for age z-score.

Moderate and severely underweight, moderate and severe stunting, and moderate and severe wasting, which mean that weight for age, height/length for age, and weight for height/length z-scores are < −2 and < −3, respectively (32). Moderate, and severe acute undernutrition as MUACZ is < −2 and < −3, respectively (35).

^aIndependent Samples t-test.

^bChi-square test.

^cFisher's Exact Test.

^*Difference is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed).