Figure 4.

Treatment by day interactions were observed in the crop, gizzard, duodenum, and jejunum for tissue pH. The HVT control injection is represented by the gray shaded bar. The L. animalis injected probiotic treatment is represented by the white shaded bar. The E. faecium injected probiotic treatment is represented by the striped bar. The L. animlais + E. faecium combination injected probiotic treatment is represented by the dotted bar. Tisssue pH is on the y-axis. Tissue sampled (crop, gizzard, duodenum, and jejunum) and day of sampling (days 7, 14, and 21) are on the x-axis. SEM and P values are located underneath each of their respective tissues. Differences were considered significant atP ≤ 0.05, error bars for each tissue represent the SEM for that tissue, and N = 10 (10 pens/treatment; one bird randomly sampled from each pen on each sampling day). Although all tissues with a treatment by day interaction for tissue pH are provided on the same figure, the analysis for the treatment by day interaction is by individual tissues. Significant differences are noted by alphabetical superscripts, where each change in a letter represents a significant difference among treatments. Crop superscripts are a—f, gizzard superscripts are a—d, duodenum superscripts are a—e, and jejunum superscripts are a—f.