Figure 1.

Chromatin accessibility, sequencing and multi-scale modelling in critical illness. (A) Simplified diagrammatic representation of closed or open chromatin conformations that either silence or activate target gene expression by exposing transcriptional enhancer and promoter regions, respectively. Me, methylation; Ac, acetylation; TF, transcription factor. (B) The Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) method involves Tn5 transposases binding to open chromatin regions, with subsequent tagmentation, fragment purification, amplification and sequencing. (C) Multi-scale modelling of diverse critically ill patient populations integrating different molecular strata, clinical parameters and microbiology in a computational method, e.g. machine learning, to stratify patients into more homogenous groups. Created with BioRender.com.