TABLE 1.
Relative content of volatiles in pericarp of Amomum tsao-ko.
No. | Name | Relative content (%) | |||||||||||
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2BWP | 5BWP | 10BWP | MHP | OHP | ADP | SDP | FDP | ODP | MDP | EBDP | SMDP | ||
1 | Hexanal | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.003 | 0.005 | – | 0.001 | – |
2 | (+)-α-Pinene | 0.015 | 0.022 | 0.026 | 0.036 | 0.021 | 0.011 | 0.013 | 0.002 | 0.010 | 0.049 | 0.015 | 0.016 |
3 | β-Terpinene | 0.001 | – | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | – | – | 0.006 | 0.002 | – |
4 | β-Pinene | 0.030 | 0.033 | 0.044 | 0.074 | 0.042 | 0.027 | 0.028 | 0.003 | 0.024 | 0.101 | 0.036 | 0.033 |
5 | Octanal | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.003 | – | – |
6 | O-Cymene | 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.006 | – | 0.001 | – | – | – | 0.007 | – | – |
7 | D-Limonene | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.002 | – | 0.002 | 0.012 | 0.003 | 0.005 |
8 | 1,8-Cineole | 0.166 | 0.229 | 0.218 | 0.128 | 0.070 | 0.094 | 0.099 | 0.045 | 0.075 | 0.223 | 0.094 | 0.148 |
9 | β-Ocimene | – | – | 0.004 | 0.004 | – | 0.001 | 0.001 | – | 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.006 |
10 | (E)-2-Octenal | 0.011 | 0.011 | 0.012 | 0.007 | 0.009 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.014 | 0.012 | – | 0.002 |
11 | β-Terpineol | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.001 |
12 | Guaiacol | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.007 |
13 | 1-Pentylcyclohexene | 0.009 | 0.005 | 0.005 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
14 | Isopulegol | – | 0.006 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.006 |
15 | Camphenol | – | – | – | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.005 | – | – | 0.001 | – | 0.002 |
16 | (1R)-(+)-Nopinone | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.003 |
17 | (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.003 | – | 0.008 | – |
18 | Pinocarvone | – | – | – | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.002 | – |
19 | Linalool | – | – | – | – | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.006 | – | 0.010 | 0.008 |
20 | Borneol | – | – | – | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.011 | 0.011 | 0.005 | 0.011 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
21 | Non-anal | – | – | 0.009 | – | 0.010 | 0.012 | 0.011 | 0.003 | 0.014 | 0.012 | 0.009 | 0.005 |
22 | 4-Terpineol | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.010 | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.009 | 0.006 | 0.009 |
23 | 2-Carene | 0.051 | 0.072 | 0.071 | 0.060 | 0.069 | 0.066 | 0.066 | 0.039 | 0.078 | 0.073 | 0.045 | 0.059 |
24 | Decanal | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.003 | – |
25 | (−)-Verbenone | 0.003 | – | 0.006 | – | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.001 | – | – | 0.001 | 0.001 |
26 | Citronellol | – | – | – | – | – | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.002 | – | – | – | – |
27 | (Z)-Citral | 0.072 | 0.087 | 0.089 | 0.057 | 0.064 | 0.054 | 0.060 | 0.050 | 0.114 | 0.075 | 0.029 | 0.030 |
28 | Geraniol | 0.021 | 0.015 | 0.019 | 0.014 | 0.011 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.027 | 0.012 | 0.018 | 0.003 | 0.008 |
29 | (Z)-2-Decenal | 0.200 | 0.223 | 0.130 | 0.163 | 0.105 | 0.102 | 0.118 | 0.085 | 0.205 | 0.178 | 0.117 | 0.055 |
30 | Citral | 0.162 | 0.192 | 0.199 | 0.134 | 0.127 | 0.092 | 0.099 | 0.088 | 0.198 | 0.150 | 0.062 | 0.049 |
31 | 4-Ethylguaiacol | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.008 |
32 | 2,3-Dihydro-1H-indene-4-carbaldehyde | 0.031 | 0.035 | 0.033 | 0.034 | 0.013 | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.014 | 0.047 | 0.010 | 0.025 |
33 | α-Methylcinnamaldehyde | 0.019 | 0.022 | 0.035 | 0.017 | – | – | – | 0.007 | – | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.017 |
34 | 1,2,3-Trimethoxybenzene | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.017 |
35 | (Z)-Isoeugenol | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.016 |
36 | Alloaromadendrene | – | – | 0.002 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.005 | – | 0.007 |
37 | (E)-2-Dodecenal | 0.160 | 0.158 | 0.150 | 0.150 | 0.128 | 0.078 | 0.077 | 0.061 | 0.152 | 0.199 | 0.165 | 0.041 |
38 | α-Muurolene | 0.010 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.011 | 0.010 | 0.011 | 0.009 | 0.006 | 0.011 | 0.022 | 0.018 | 0.020 |
39 | β-Cubebene | 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.009 | 0.007 | 0.009 | 0.013 | 0.012 |
40 | β-Copaene | 0.026 | 0.005 | 0.007 | – | – | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.019 | – | 0.042 | 0.006 |
41 | γ-Muurolene | 0.006 | 0.035 | 0.029 | 0.041 | 0.041 | 0.061 | 0.049 | 0.025 | 0.048 | 0.038 | 0.028 | 0.079 |
42 | Elemol | 0.003 | 0.003 | – | 0.011 | 0.012 | 0.017 | 0.015 | 0.010 | 0.020 | 0.017 | 0.045 | 0.045 |
43 | Nerolidol | 0.051 | 0.065 | 0.048 | 0.083 | 0.083 | 0.085 | 0.075 | 0.037 | 0.082 | 0.095 | 0.150 | 0.116 |
44 | Calarene | – | – | – | 0.007 | – | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.012 | 0.011 | 0.010 |
45 | α-Elemen | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.010 | 0.016 | – |
46 | 1,4-Cadinadiene | – | – | – | – | – | 0.004 | 0.002 | – | – | – | 0.005 | 0.002 |
47 | γ-Eudesmol | – | – | – | – | 0.007 | 0.010 | 0.009 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.010 | 0.013 | 0.012 |
48 | Copaene | – | – | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.004 | – | – | 0.005 | – | 0.002 |
49 | 2,5-Dihydroxypyridine | 0.005 | – | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.010 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.016 | 0.012 | 0.013 | – |
50 | α-Eudesmol | 0.017 | 0.024 | 0.022 | 0.023 | 0.035 | 0.034 | 0.031 | 0.020 | 0.031 | 0.041 | 0.040 | 0.040 |
51 | (Z)-14-Methylhexadec-8-enal | 0.015 | 0.012 | 0.014 | 0.016 | 0.009 | 0.008 | 0.005 | – | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.014 | – |
52 | 9-Fluorenone | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.008 |
53 | Farnesol | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.006 | – | 0.007 | 0.002 |
54 | Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-en-7-ol | 0.022 | 0.014 | 0.023 | 0.030 | 0.013 | 0.012 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.014 | 0.010 | – |
55 | Palmitic Acid | – | – | 0.005 | 0.012 | 0.008 | 0.074 | 0.074 | 0.067 | 0.046 | 0.006 | 0.035 | 0.016 |
56 | D-Nerolidol | – | – | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.006 |
57 | trans-Nerolidol | 0.002 | 0.003 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.011 | – |
58 | 1-Non-adecanol | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.006 | – | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.009 | – |
59 | Linoleic acid | – | – | – | – | – | 0.006 | 0.011 | 0.017 | 0.010 | – | 0.015 | 0.004 |
60 | 7,10,13-Hexadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.002 | 0.011 | 0.003 | – | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Data are shown as mean (n = 3).