Table 6.
Parameter Estimates for Correlates With Hours per Week Spent on Remote Learning.
| Hours per week spent with family members on remote learning | Hours per week students spent studying by themselves | Hours per week spent with teachers on remote learning | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Had reliable internet and devices available | 2.2033*** | 1.4011** | 0.3057 |
| (0.2865) | (0.6648) | (0.4546) | |
| Asian, alone | 2.5533*** | 0.9840 | −1.1664 |
| (0.8026) | (1.5810) | (1.1795) | |
| Black, alone | 2.1559*** | 2.4467** | −0.9467 |
| (0.5373) | (1.1383) | (0.7772) | |
| Hispanic/Latinx | 2.7144*** | 4.9038*** | −0.8685 |
| (0.5610) | (1.2454) | (0.8736) | |
| Other/multiple races | −0.1418 | 4.8252* | 1.0557 |
| (0.6400) | (2.8189) | (1.1312) | |
| Interaction between reliable internet and device availability and race and ethnicity | |||
| Reliable internet/device, Asian | −0.9542 | 1.9439 | 0.0466 |
| (0.8354) | (1.8356) | (1.2684) | |
| Reliable internet/device, Black | −0.1125 | 0.1290 | 2.9718*** |
| (0.5728) | (1.2661) | (0.8449) | |
| Reliable internet/device, Hispanic | −1.2409** | −3.6820*** | 0.7281 |
| (0.5969) | (1.3693) | (0.9340) | |
| Reliable internet/device, other/multiple race | 1.5228* | −3.4593 | −0.2608 |
| (0.8247) | (2.9477) | (1.2403) | |
| Renter | 0.0276 | 0.3751 | 0.8459*** |
| (0.1834) | (0.5102) | (0.2885) | |
| Worked for pay | 0.1199 | 0.5544 | −0.3561 |
| (0.1596) | (0.4440) | (0.2544) | |
| Number of minor children | 0.3818*** | 0.6654*** | 1.8856*** |
| (0.0762) | (0.1767) | (0.1150) | |
| Income categories | |||
| $25,000–$34,999 | 0.0875 | −0.9783 | −1.1794** |
| (0.3433) | (0.8685) | (0.5163) | |
| $35,000–$49,999 | −0.5746* | −1.4990 | −1.0295** |
| (0.3408) | (0.9381) | (0.5128) | |
| $50,000–$74,999 | −0.4051 | −0.9565 | −0.9459* |
| (0.3374) | (0.9991) | (0.5025) | |
| $75,000–$99,999 | −0.4931 | −1.0789 | −0.7392 |
| (0.3348) | (0.9637) | (0.4921) | |
| $100,000–$149,999 | −0.2467 | −0.9346 | −0.6542 |
| (0.3360) | (0.9934) | (0.5021) | |
| $150,000–$199,999 | −0.0636 | −0.9154 | −1.0620* |
| (0.3641) | (1.0549) | (0.5610) | |
| $200,000+ | 1.0512*** | 1.0411 | −0.4037 |
| (0.3624) | (1.0449) | (0.5395) | |
| Women | −0.8278*** | −1.5760*** | −0.7448*** |
| (0.1452) | (0.4117) | (0.2363) | |
| Age | 0.0661*** | 0.0569*** | −0.0334*** |
| (0.0069) | (0.0195) | (0.0117) | |
| Never married | 0.0113 | −0.3054 | −2.6637*** |
| (0.2312) | (0.6166) | (0.3721) | |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | −0.3389 | −0.4114 | −1.1584*** |
| (0.2154) | (0.5946) | (0.3309) | |
| Constant | −4.9324*** | −1.4154 | 9.0540*** |
| (0.8582) | (2.4091) | (1.3222) | |
| State indicator variables | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Week indicator variables | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 136,725 | 32,180 | 136,518 |
| F-statistic | 29.62 | 11.68 | 24.97 |
| p-value | .000 | .000 | .000 |
Note. Data on hours per week students studied by themselves only available from week 6 forward. Otherwise, sample sizes vary because of sample restrictions and because of varying number of nonresponsed. Results show parameter estimates based on tobit regressions. Numbers in parentheses are standard errors.
*** indicates significance at the 1% level; ** indicates significance at the 5% level; and * indicates significance at the 10% level.