Table 8.
Results stratified by MINDSPACE component.
| MINDSPACE Component: | Studies reporting a positive effect (N = 18): | Studies reporting no effect (N = 12): | Total RoB 2 score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low risk | Some concern | High risk | RoB 2 score | Low risk | Some concern | High risk | RoB 2 score | ||
| Messenger (N = 2) | 1 (50%) | 1 (50%) | 3/6 (50%) |
N/A |
3/6 (50%) |
||||
| Incentive (N = 11) | 4 (36%) | 2 (18%) | 16/18 (89%) | 3 (27%) | 2 (18%) | 13/15 (87%) |
29/33 (88%) |
||
| Norms (N = 2) | 1 (50%) | 2/3 (67%) |
1 (50%) | 2/3 (67%) |
4/6 (67%) |
||||
| Default (N = 7) | 2 (29%) | 2 (29%) | 1 (14%) | 11/15 (73%) |
2 (29%) | 4/6 (67%) |
15/21 (71%) |
||
| Salience (N = 7) | 3 (43%) | 6/9 (67%) |
2 (29%) | 2 (29%) | 10/12 (83.3%) |
16/21 (76%) |
|||
| Primer (N = 1) | 1 (100%) | 3/3 (100%) |
N/A |
3/3 (100%) |
|||||
| Subtotal (N = 30) | 21/21 | 18/27 | 2/6 |
41/54 (76%) |
15/15 | 14/21 |
29/36 (81%) |
70/90 (78%) | |
Note: Studies with low risk of bias were given 3 points, those with some concern 2 point and high-risk studies received 1 point. The RoB 2 score summarises the points of the overall studies and for those reporting a positive effect or no effect, separately, as well as by MINDSPACE component.