TABLE 1.
UPRER- and UPRmt-related genes with relevance in aging or neurodegeneration and their orthologs in humans (Homo sapiens), house mice (Mus musculus), fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans), and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
| Functional class | H. sapiens | M. musculus | D. melanogaster | C. elegans | S. cerevisiae |
| Chaperone | HSPA5 (BiP) | Hspa5 (BiP) | Hsc70-3 (BiP) | hsp-4 (BiP) | KAR2 (BiP) |
| HSPA9 (mtHSP70) | Hspa9 (mtHsp70) | Hsc70-5 | hsp-6 | SSC1† | |
| HSPD1 (HSP60) | Hspd1 (Hsp60) | Hsp60A | hsp-60 | HSP60† | |
| HSPE1 (HSP10) | Hspe1 (Hsp10) | CG9920†/CG11267† | Y22D7AL.10† | HSP10† | |
| P4HB (PDI) | P4hb (PDI) | Pdi | pdi-2 | PDI1 | |
| TRAP1 | Trap1 | Trap1 | hsp-75† | HSC82† | |
| Deacetylase | SIRT3 | Sirt3 | – | – | – |
| Epigenetic regulator | BAZ2A/BAZ2B | Baz2a/Baz2b | tou† | baz-2 | – |
| EHMT1/EHMT2 | Ehmt1/Ehmt2 | – | set-6 | – | |
| HDAC1†/HDAC2† | Hdac1†/Hdac2† | HDAC1† | hda-1 | – | |
| KDM6B | Kdm6b | Utx | jmjd-3.1 | CYC8† | |
| PHF8 | Phf8 | – | jmjd-1.1/jmjd-1.2 | JHD1† | |
| SETDB1 | Setdb1 | egg† | met-2 | – | |
| Growth Factor | GDF15 | Gdf15 | – | – | – |
| Hormone | FGF21 | Fgf21 | – | – | – |
| Hormone receptor | ESR1 (ERα) | Esr1 (ERα) | ERR† (ERα) | – | – |
| Kinase | EIF2AK3 (PERK) | Eif2ak3 (PERK) | Pek | pek-1 | – |
| Kinase/endoribonuclease | ERN1 (IRE1α) | Ern1 (Ire1α) | Ire1 | ire-1 | IRE1 |
| Protease | CLPP | Clpp | ClpP | clpp-1 | – |
| HTRA2 | Htra2 | HtrA2 | – | – | |
| LONP1 | Lonp1 | Lon | lonp-1 | PIM1† | |
| YMEL1L | Yme1l1 | YME1L | ymel-1 | YME1† | |
| Protein phosphatase subunit | PPP1R15A (GADD34) | Ppp1r15a (Gadd34) | PPP1R15A (GADD34) | – | – |
| Transcription factor | ATF4 | Atf4 | – | – | – |
| ATF5 | Atf5 | – | atfs-1 | – | |
| ATF6 | Atf6 | Atf6 | atf-6 | – | |
| CREBBP (CBP)/EP300 (p300) | Crebbp (CBP)/Ep300 (p300) | – | cbp-1 | – | |
| DDIT3 (CHOP) | Ddit3 (CHOP) | – | – | – | |
| FOXO3 | Foxo3 | foxo | daf-16 | HCM1† | |
| SATB1†/SATB2† | Satb1†/Satb2† | dve | dve-1 | – | |
| XBP1 | Xbp1 | Xbp1 | xbp-1 | HAC1 | |
| Translation initiation factor | EIF2S1 (eIF2α) | Eif2s1 (eIF2α) | eIF2alpha | eif-2alpha | SUI2† (eIF2α) |
| Ubiquitin-like protein | UBL5† | Ubl5† | ubl† | ubl-5 | HUB1† |
Gene orthologs have been obtained from the literature (as cited in the text) and ENSEMBL (v104; https://www.ensembl.org) (Howe et al., 2020). In cases where another name or abbreviation is more commonly used in the literature, we have noted the more commonly used name in parentheses and will use this more common terminology throughout the text. The dagger symbol (†) indicates genes that are orthologs of confirmed UPRER- or UPRmt-related genes that have yet to be validated experimentally in that particular species.