Table 2. Associations Between Receipt of Timely Depression Follow-up and Treatment and Various Patient Characteristics Among All Screen-Positive Patients Who Were Also Detected by Clinicians as Having Depressiona.
| Characteristic | Follow-up within 84 d | Follow-up within 180 d | Minimally appropriate treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age | 0.990 (0.986-0.993) | <.001 | 0.987 (0.98-0.99) | <.001 | 0.984 (0.98-0.99) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Female | 1.02 (0.90-1.16) | .76 | 0.96 (0.85-1.08) | .53 | 1.11 (0.93-1.33) | .25 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| Black | 1.19 (1.05-1.34) | .01 | 1.22 (1.08-1.37) | <.001 | 1.03 (0.87-1.22) | .73 |
| Hispanic | 1.02 (0.91-1.13) | .78 | 1.02 (0.92-1.13) | .68 | 0.93 (0.83-1.08) | .35 |
| White | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Otherb | 0.98 (0.80-1.20) | .86 | 1.06 (0.88-1.28) | .52 | 0.81 (0.62-1.05) | .12 |
| Unknown or missing | 1.16 (1.01-1.33) | .03 | 1.15 (1.02-1.31) | .03 | 1.02 (0.85-1.22) | .86 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Single or previously married | 0.1 (0.91-1.09) | .91 | 0.99 (0.91-1.08) | .83 | 1.20 (1.06-1.36) | <.001 |
| Means test | ||||||
| Exempt | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Nonexempt | 0.87 (0.74-1.07) | .21 | 1.05 (0.88-1.25) | .58 | 0.97 (0.76-1.24) | .81 |
| Any copayment required | 0.92 (0.79-1.07) | .28 | 1.03 (0.89-1.19) | .72 | 0.99 (0.81-1.21) | .92 |
| Missing | 0.98 (0.86-1.11) | .71 | 0.98 (0.88-1.11) | .79 | 0.99 (0.85-1.18) | .99 |
| Service-connected disability | ||||||
| 0% | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| 1%-50% | 1.03 (0.77-1.37) | .86 | 1.07 (0.82-1.40) | .62 | 1.07 (0.74-1.54) | .73 |
| 51%-100% | 0.67 (0.50-0.89) | .01 | 0.76 (0.58-9.88) | .04 | 0.95 (0.66-1.35) | .77 |
| Missing | 1.22 (0.93-1.60) | .15 | 1.28 (0.10-1.65) | .05 | 1.04 (0.74-1.46) | .83 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score | ||||||
| 0 | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| 1 | 0.93 (0.83-1.05) | .23 | 1.08 (0.97-1.20) | .15 | 1.13 (0.97-1.31) | .12 |
| ≥2 | 0.8 (0.70-0.90) | <.001 | 0.91 (0.82-1.02) | .10 | 1.03 (0.89-1.20) | .68 |
| Mental health or substance use disorder | ||||||
| Anxiety disorder | 2.38 (2.08-2.71) | <.001 | 2.65 (2.31-3.04) | <.001 | 2.16 (1.79-2.60) | <.001 |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | 2.04 (1.82-2.31) | <.001 | 2.63 (2.29-3.02) | <.001 | 2.92 (2.29-3.72) | <.001 |
| Serious mental illness | 2.08 (1.69-2.56) | <.001 | 2.79 (2.21-3.53) | <.001 | 2.69 (1.86-3.90) | <.001 |
| Alcohol use disorder | 1.70 (1.46-1.90) | <.001 | 1.65 (1.44-3.53) | <.001 | 1.46 (1.20-1.77) | <.001 |
| Substance use disorder | 1.77 (1.49-2.10) | <.001 | 1.77 (1.48-2.11) | <.001 | 1.82 (1.38-2.41) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio.
a
There were a total of 15 650 person-years.
b
Other includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander.