Table 2.
Change in clinical and physical activity outcomes in the study groups following the intervention.
| Variables | Enhanced intervention group (n=113) | Standard intervention group (n=108) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
Baseline | Follow-up | Change | P value | Baseline | Follow-up | Change | P value | ||||||||||
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 65.5 (10.7) | 64.9 (10.5) | –0.6 (1.8) | <.001 | 65.7 (9.0) | 65.8 (9.0) | 0.1 (3.09) | .55 | ||||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 25.5 (3.0) | 25.3 (2.9) | –0.2 (0.7) | <.001 | 25.7 (2.9) | 25.7 (2.9) | 0.0 (0.9) | .81 | ||||||||||
| SBPa (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 139.5 (15.8) | 126.5 (13.9) | –13.0 (14.6) | <.001 | 141.8 (18.1) | 126.1 (21.4) | –15.6 (24.4) | <.001 | ||||||||||
| DBPb (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 89.7 (8.6) | 80.0 (9.0) | –9.7 (8.4) | <.001 | 89.1 (8.8) | 79.8 (9.1) | –9.2 (8.1) | <.001 | ||||||||||
| WCc (cm), mean (SD) | 91.2 (7.6) | 87.0 (8.0) | –4.1 (4.4) | <.001 | 92.4 (6.7) | 89.5 (7.7) | –2.9 (5.0) | <.001 | ||||||||||
| HDL-Cd (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 50.5 (10.1) | 49.6 (10.6) | –0.8 (7.9) | .25 | 47.5 (10.7) | 48.5 (10.4) | 0.9 (7.0) | .17 | ||||||||||
| TGe (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 146.6 (88.1) | 155.2 (99.5) | 8.5 (63.3) | .15 | 170.4 (150.8) | 150.1 (87.0) | –20.3 (134.5) | 0.11 | ||||||||||
| HbA1cf (%), mean (SD) | 5.7 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.4) | –0.1 (0.2) | <.001 | 5.8 (0.6) | 5.7 (0.5) | –0.1 (0.2) | <.001 | ||||||||||
| PAg, mean (SD) | ||||||||||||||||||
|
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Vigorous PA (hours/week) | 0.8 (2.3) | 2.3 (4.8) | 1.5 (5.3) | <.001 | 0.8 (1.6) | 1.5 (2.2) | 0.7 (2.5) | <.001 | |||||||||
|
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Moderate PA (hours/week) | 0.5 (1.3) | 0.7 (2.3) | 0.2 (2.6) | .47 | 0.5 (1.1) | 0.4 (0.8) | –0.1 (1.4) | .27 | |||||||||
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Walking (hours/week) | 0.6 (1.1) | 1.0 (2.0) | –0.4 (2.2) | .05 | 0.5 (0.6) | 0.7 (1.4) | –0.2 (1.5) | .10 | |||||||||
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Sedentary behavior (hours/week) | 10.7 (7.8) | 8.3 (4.9) | –2.4 (7.5) | <.001 | 11.8 (8.3) | 9.7 (6.9) | –2.1 (5.7) | <.001 | |||||||||
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|
Total PA (minutes/week) | 123.4 (209.0) | 250.5 (535.3) | 127.1 (574.6) | .02 | 117.2 (123.9) | 161.7 (204.3) | 44.4 (224.8) | .04 | |||||||||
|
|
Steps (n/day) | 6224.2 (2048.5) | 9214.3 (3205.5) | 2990.1 (2892.5) | <.001 | 6272.1 (2024.5) | 8945.5 (3843.3) | 2673.4 (3124.6) | <.001 | |||||||||
| MetSh factors | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Number, mean (SD) | 2.7 (1.0) | 2.0 (1.1) | –0.7 (1.1) | <.001 | 3.0(1.0) | 2.1(1.1) | –0.8 (1.1) | <.001 | |||||||||
|
|
0, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (10.6) | N/Ai | N/A | 0(0.0) | 8(7.5) | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
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|
1, n (%) | 16 (14.2) | 25 (22.1) | N/A | N/A | 10(9.2) | 24(22.2) | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
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2, n (%) | 35 (31.0) | 34 (30.1) | N/A | N/A | 25(23.1) | 36(33.3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
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3, n (%) | 32 (28.3) | 33 (29.2) | N/A | N/A | 33(30.6) | 25(23.1) | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
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4, n (%) | 26 (23.0) | 9 (8.0) | N/A | N/A | 33(30.6) | 14(13.0) | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
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5, n (%) | 4 (3.5) | 0 (0.0) | N/A | N/A | 7(6.5) | 1(0.9) | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
aSBP: systolic blood pressure.
bDBP: diastolic blood pressure.
cWC: waist circumference.
dHDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
eTG: triglyceride.
fHBA1c: glycated hemoglobin.
gPA: physical activity.
hMetS: metabolic syndrome.
iN/A: not applicable.