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. 2022 Mar 10;10(3):e004043. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004043

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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Levels of exosomal CD73 and PD-L1 on-treatment. Exosomes isolated from serum of patients with melanoma during treatment with anti-PD-1 agents at week 4 have significantly increased expression of CD73 (A) or PD-L1 (B) compared with those at baseline (n=15). (C) Total protein content on exosomes isolated from serum of patients at baseline and at week 4 during therapy was determined using the BCA Pierce kit assay. Data are mean±SD. P values are from Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test (A–B). MP, patients with melanoma; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; RFI, relative fluorescence intensity.