Table 1.

List of approaches within included studies

Approach name	Theory or model/framework	Inclusion criteria (for review team consensus)	Instances (first author, publication year)
Behavioural Model of Health Services Use	Theory	Within Andersen (1995), the theory is described as being able to both predict and explain individual’s health services use. Predisposing factors to services use, and their relations to one another, are described.	Smith GC, 2016, Zapka J, 2014; Roche CC, 2012
CHOICES Conceptual Model	Model/Framework	The model was developed with Social Cognitive Theory and the Stages of Change Model. The model does not relate the factors that contribute to behaviour to one another.	Chalela P, 2018
Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Model of Behaviour (COM-B model)*	Theory	N/A	Fahim C, 2019
Goal Setting Theory*	Theory	N/A	Amorrortu RP, 2018, Tilley BC, 2017
Health Belief Model*	Theory	N/A	Nyaoke BA, 2017; Kinney AY, 1998; Verheggen FW, 1998, Yeomans-Kinney A, 1995;
Health Promotion Model*	Theory	N/A	Sample DA, 2002
Model of Cancer Clinical Trial Decision making	Model/Framework	The model was developed using the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change. The model does not relate factors the that contribute to behaviour to one another.	Wenzel JA, 2015
Rotter’s Social Learning Theory and Locus of Control	Theory	Included paper describes in detail the factors that this theory identifies as relevant to behaviour, how they interact, and how they can be used to predict behaviour.	Bradley JM, 2006
Self-regulation/Goal Theory	Theory	The included paper cited a review of theories as the source of what it called ‘self-regulation/goal theory’. However, no theories reported in this source matched this description. Instead, the authors of this review, who are also the authors of the included study, seem to describe an amalgamation of these theories. That description gave sufficient detail about factors that contribute to behaviour and how they relate to each other to predict behaviour.	Huisman S, 2010
Social Cognitive Theory/Social Learning theory*	Theory	N/A	Ortiz AP, 2019, Amorrortu RP, 2018, Tilley BC, 2017, Gwadz MV, 2010, Coday M, 2005, Bradley JM, 2006, Bowen D, 2000 Corbie-Smith G, 2012
Theoretical Domains Framework	Model/Framework	This framework is known to the authors and the cited sources confirmed that it is derived from several behavioural theories.	Gillies K, 2018; Ellis SD, 2019 Guillot M, 2019, Fahim C, 2019, Goulao B, 2020
Theory of Planned Behaviour/Reasoned action*	Theory	N/A	Manton KJ, 2019, Quinn GP, 2011; Kinney AY, 1998 Arriens C, 2020; Vandenburgh AM, 2000; Corbie-Smith G, 2012
Integrated Theoretical Model	Model/Framework	This model was developed using the Theory of Triadic Influence*. The model does not relate factors the that contribute to behaviour to one another.	Gwadz M, 2014
Transdisciplinary Theoretical Model	Theory	This theory describes individual attitudes and beliefs and how they interact to inform decisions of trial participation (behaviour).	Eggly S, 2017
Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change/Stages of Change Model*	Theory	N/A	Clark LT, 2019, Amorrortu RP, 2018, Tilley BC, 2017

*Referenced in Davis et al.¹⁰

N/A, Not applicable.