Comparison 1. Azapirones vs placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 HAM‐A score	4		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 Azapirones vs Placebo	4	135	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐4.48 [‐6.86, ‐2.10]
1.2 Ipsapirone vs placebo	1	18	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐4.30 [‐7.33, ‐1.27]
2 CGI much or very much improved	2	187	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.35 [0.72, 7.72]
2.1 Azipirone vs placebo	2	187	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.35 [0.72, 7.72]
3 Number of people who drop out	8	629	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.64 [0.47, 0.87]
3.1 Azipirone vs placebo	8	629	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.64 [0.47, 0.87]
4 Specific side effects	11		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 Drowsiness	5	697	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.73 [1.17, 2.56]
4.2 Dizziness	7	789	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.13 [2.00, 4.91]
4.3 Nausea	7	693	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.33 [1.35, 4.03]
4.4 Asthenia	4	112	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.17 [0.55, 2.47]
4.5 Headache	4	391	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.07 [0.76, 1.49]
4.6 Depression	1	254	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.27 [0.42, 3.91]
4.7 Abnormal gait	1	60	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	15.0 [0.89, 251.42]
4.8 Dry mouth	5	628	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.05 [0.55, 2.00]
4.10 Weakness	2	279	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	6.13 [1.12, 33.39]
4.11 Parathesia	3	270	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.52 [1.62, 18.74]
4.12 Pharyngitis	2	108	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.67 [0.78, 3.55]
4.13 Somnolence	3	231	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.36 [0.60, 3.05]
4.14 Dyspepsia	2	210	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.64 [0.80, 3.37]
4.15 Amblyopia	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.00 [0.56, 44.52]
4.16 Dysmenorrhea	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.67 [0.38, 7.39]
4.17 Pain	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.11 [0.20, 6.03]
4.18 Abdominal pain	2	275	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.58 [0.17, 1.94]
4.19 Back pain	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	8.16 [0.41, 160.96]
4.20 Twitch	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	8.16 [0.41, 160.96]
4.21 Diarrhea	4	343	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.54 [0.79, 2.99]
4.22 Flatulence	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.67 [0.11, 25.04]
4.23 Insomnia	3	331	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.01 [1.02, 3.98]
4.24 Flu syndrome	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.04, 2.63]
4.25 Myalgia	2	210	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.84 [0.15, 4.62]
4.26 Nervousness	2	169	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.42 [0.86, 13.57]
4.27 Vomiting	1	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.64 [0.41, 6.59]
4.30 Tinnitus	3	208	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.94 [0.79, 4.73]
4.31 Tingling	2	156	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	4.73 [0.84, 26.58]
4.32 Throat discomfort	1	227	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.32 [0.07, 1.57]
4.33 Lightheadedness	1	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.50 [1.82, 6.74]
4.34 Agitation	1	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.95 [0.32, 27.67]
4.35 Insomnia	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4.36 Palpatation	1	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.31 [0.31, 5.64]