Effects of repeated reserpine injection on body weight (A) and behavioral responses (B,C). (A) Time course of bodyweight. The mean bodyweights were significantly lower in the RES group than in the VEH group 3–5 days after the first injection (3, 4, and 5 d). ****, **, *, significant differences from the VEH group (Bonferroni test, p < 0.0001, 0.01, and 0.05, respectively). The arrows indicate reserpine or vehicle injection. Open circles, VEH group; filled circles, RES group. BL1-3, day 1–3 in the baseline period; 1–11 d, 1–11 days after the first injection. (B) Comparison of response latency (a) and the number of jumps (b) between the VEH and RES groups in response to the hot-plate test (a thermal stimulus) 3 days after the first injection. ****p < 0.0001 [(a) Welch's test; (b) Mann–Whitney U-test). Open circles, VEH group; filled circles, RES group. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of animals. (C) Comparison of the immobility time between the VEH and RES groups in the forced swim test on day 4 (a) and day 11 (b) after the first injection. *p < 0.05 (Mann–Whitney U-test). Open circles, VEH group; filled circles, RES group. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of animals.