Table 3.

Nociplastic pain indicators compared between groups stratified by levels of kinesiophobia on the TSK-11 score as Minimal (TSK ≤ 22), Low (TSK 23–28), Moderate (TSK 29–35), and High (TSK ≥36).

	Minimal	Low	Moderate	High	p-Value
	n = 44	n = 81	n = 121	n = 196
Fibromyalgia severity score (0–31)	3.0 [2.0–6.0]	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	5.0 [4.0–8.0]	6.0 [5.0–8.0]	<0.001
post-hoc p-value	0.020a	1.0b	1.0c	0.020d	<0.001 e
Widespread pain index (0–19)	1.0 [0.0–1.0]	1.0 [0.0–2.0]	1.0 [0.0–2.0]	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	1.0
Symptom severity score (0–12)	3.0 [1.0–5.0]	4.0 [3.0–6.0]	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	5.5 [4.0–7.8]	<0.001
post-hoc p-value	0.006 a	1.0b	0.42c	<0.001 d	<0.001 e
Severity of fatigue (0–3)	1.0 [0.0–1.8]	1.0 [1.0–2.0]	1.0 [1.0–2.0]	2.0 [1.0–2.0]	<0.001
post-hoc p-value	0.001 a	0.860b	0.760c	0.004 d	<0.001 e
Severity of waking unrefreshed (0–3)	1.0 [0.0–1.0]	1.0 [1.0–2.0]	2.0 [1.0–2.0]	2.0 [1.0–2.0]	<0.001
post-hoc p-value	0.040 a	1.0b	1.0c	0.040 d	<0.001 e
Severity of cognitive symptoms (0–3)	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	1.0 [0.0–1.0]	1.0 [1.0–2.0]	2.0 [1.0–2.0]	<0.001
post-hoc p-value	0.060a	<0.001 b	0.004 c	<0.001 d	<0.001 e
Headaches (0–1)	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	1.0
Pain or cramps in lower abdomen (0–1)	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	0.0 [0.0–0.0]	0.0 [0.0–0.0]	0.0 [0.0–0.0]	1.0
Depression (0–1)	0.0 [0.0–0.0]	0.0 [0.0–1.0]	0.0 [0.0–0.0]	0.0 [0.0–0.0]	1.0

P-values are Bonferroni adjusted for multiple comparisons. Data presented as median [interquartile range] with p-value for Kruskal Wallis test and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests.

^aP-value for comparison of TSK ≤ 22 (Minimal) vs. TSK 23–28 (Low).

^bP-value for comparison of TSK 23–28 (Low) vs. TSK 29–35 (Moderate).

^cP-value for comparison of TSK 29–35 (Moderate) vs. TSK > 36 (High).

^dP-value for comparison of TSK 23–28 (Low) vs. TSK ≥ 36 (High).

^eP-value for comparison of TSK ≤ 22 (Minimal) vs. TSK ≥ 36 (High).

Statistically significant p-values are in bold.