Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Nov 10;3:773953. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2021.773953

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Kopper, Iennarella-Servantez, Jergens, Sahoo, Guillot, Bourgois-Mochel, Martinez, Allenspach and Mochel.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Value of the combined in vitro–in vivo approach using 3D intestinal organoids and clinical trials in canine IBD patients to streamline drug research and development. Using canines with spontaneously occurring cIBD allows for minimally invasive acquisition of endoscopic biopsies to generate in vitro organoid cell culture. Organoids can be used to screen candidate treatments which then can be further evaluated in live canine patients before moving forward with human clinical trials to expedite and improve research efficiency.