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. 2021 Dec 9;4(3):231–237. doi: 10.1002/acr2.11362

TABLE 2.

Multivariable analyses comparing past or present smokers with never smokers: SS criteria and ocular signs of keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Dependent variable Independent variable (compared with never smoker) Odds ratio 95% confidence interval P value
Classified as having SS Past smoker 0.90 0.77‐1.06 0.18
Current smoker 0.39 0.30‐0.52 <0.001
Ocular staining score ≥ 5 Past smoker 0.99 0.85‐1.17 0.99
Current smoker 0.61 0.47‐0.79 <0.001
Schirmer I test result of ≤5 mm/5 min Past smoker 0.88 0.73‐1.04 0.14
Current smoker 0.68 0.51‐0.91 0.01
TBUT <10 s Past smoker 0.98 0.78‐1.22 0.86
Current smoker 0.73 0.53‐1.01 0.06
Labial salivary gland focus score > 1 Past smoker 0.97 0.83‐1.14 0.73
Current smoker 0.28 0.20‐0.38 <0.001
Positive anti‐SSA/anti‐SSB antibodies Past smoker 0.87 0.73‐1.03 0.23
Current smoker 0.59 0.44‐0.79 <0.001

Note: Covariates adjusted for sex, age, country of residence, and patient‐reported health.

Abbreviations: SS, Sjögren syndrome; TBUT, tear breakup time.