Table 1.
Relationship of demographic, work experience, and COVID-19 experiences and beliefs to 4C scores
| Confidence | Complacency | Constraints | Collective responsibility | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | t, p | M (SD) | t, p | M (SD) | t, p | M (SD) | t, p | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Men (n = 771) | 5.44 (1.77) | 6.54, 0.001 | 1.28 (0.81) | − 0.40, 0.69 | 2.53 (1.86) | 1.76, 0.08 | 1.56 (1.22) | 0.80, 0.42 |
| Women (n = 3666) | 5.89 (1.59) | 1.29 (0.85) | 2.41 (1.79) | 1.53 (1.17) | ||||
| Race (% white) | ||||||||
| White (n = 3826) | 5.55 (1.72) | − 6.60, 0.001 | 1.28 (0.82) | 4.85, 0.001 | 2.45 (1.81) | − 0.26, 0.80 | 1.50 (1.14) | 7.54, 0.001 |
| Non-White (n = 740) | 5.08 (2.03) | 1.45 (1.07) | 2.44 (1.85) | 1.87 (0.03) | ||||
| Diagnosed with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| Yes (n = 673) | 4.99 (2.01) | − 7.70, 0.001 | 1.48 (1.07) | 6.02, 0.001 | 2.69 (1.89) | 3.67, 0.001 | 1.82 (1.43) | − 0.95, 0.17 |
| No (n = 3885) | 5.56 (1.73) | 1.27 (0.83) | 2.41 (1.80) | 1.17 (0.02) | ||||
| 3 Mos Work w/COVID-19 Patients | ||||||||
| Yes (n = 898) | 5.56 (1.71) | 6.69, 0.001 | 1.27 (0.81) | − 5.31, 0.001 | 2.39 (1.79) | − 4.35, 0.001 | 1.51 (1.15) | − 5.83, 0.001 |
| No (n = 3668) | 5.12 (2.03) | 1.45 (1.07) | 2.69 (1.89) | 1.77 (1.45) | ||||
| Vaccinated | ||||||||
| Yes (n = 3966) | 5.96 (1.26) | − 64.55, 0.001 | 1.14 (0.59) | 38.90, 0.001 | 2.26 (1.73) | 18.55, 0.001 | 1.29 (0.79) | 48.01, 0.001 |
| No (n = 600) | 2.31 (1.49) | 2.44 (1.43) | 3.69 (1.86) | 3.40 (1.85) | ||||
| Clinical care position | ||||||||
| Yes (n = 2241) | 5.47 (1.81) | 0.98, 0.33 | 1.32 (0.90) | − 1.60, 0.11 | 2.54 (1.84) | − 3.52, 0.001 | 1.55 (1.20) | 0.40, 0.69 |
| No (n = 2274) | 5.52 (1.74) | 1.28 (0.82) | 2.35 (1.78) | 1.56 (1.23) | ||||
| Always mask | ||||||||
| Yes (n = 2798) | 5.79 (1.56) | − 14.84, 0.001 | 1.18 (0.65) | 12.63, 0.001 | 2.26 (1.76) | 9.33, 0.001 | 1.36 (0.96) | 14.34, 0.001 |
| No (n = 1717) | 5.00 (2.00) | 1.51 (1.10) | 2.77 (1.87) | 1.88 (1.49) | ||||
| Correlations | ||||||||
| Anticipated likelihood of infection | 0.18** | 0.04* | 0.10** | 0.07** | ||||
| Anticipated severity of infection | 0.08** | − 0.05** | 0.03 | 0.003 | ||||
| Fear of infection | − 0.10** | − 0.12** | − 0.03 | − 0.11** | ||||
| # Vaccine concerns endorsed | 0.43** | 0.21** | 0.27** | 0.26** | ||||
| # Vaccine reasons endorsed | − 0.44** | − 0.27** | − 0.17** | − 0.31** | ||||
Table represents the differences in 4C scores across key characteristics in the present study. Bold text indicates a significant difference. For the correlations: * = significant difference of 0.05 or less. ** = significant difference of 0.01 or less. Participants were allowed to not answer any item, thus response rates across some items in Table 1 reflect the lower response (e.g., gender and clinical care position)