Table 3.

Details of the parameters used for the numerical simulations. The values are based on the experimental results of Ref. (Ochs et al. 2014)

Parameters	Values	Descriptions
$\rho$	$1000\mathrm{kg}/{\mathrm{m}}^3$	Density of medium
$\mu$	$0.718\times {10}^{-3}\mathrm{Pa}.\mathrm{s}$	Viscosity of medium
$D_m$	$3.35\times {10}^{-9}{\mathrm{m}}^2/\mathrm{s}$	Diffusion coefficient of $O_2$ through the medium
$D_c$	$3.35\times {10}^{-9}{\mathrm{m}}^2/\mathrm{s}$	Diffusion coefficient of $O_2$ through the cell layer
$D_g$	$3.35\times {10}^{-9}{\mathrm{m}}^2/\mathrm{s}$	Diffusion coefficient of $O_2$ through the gel
$D_p$	$0{\mathrm{m}}^2/\mathrm{s}$	Diffusion coefficient of $O_2$ through pillars
$C_{0.m}$	$17\%$	Initial oxygen concentration of the medium
$C_{0.c}$	$17\%$	Initial oxygen concentration of the cell layer
$C_{0.g}$	$17\%$	Initial oxygen concentration of the gel
$C_{0.p}$	$0\%$	Initial oxygen concentration of the pillars
$V_{max.EC}$	$2\times {10}^{-17}\mathrm{mol}/\mathrm{s}$	Maximum reaction rate of the EC cells
${\#}_{\mathit{EC}}$	$11796$	Number of ECs