Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors which are associated with OS.

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Age (years)
< 65	1		1
≥ 65	1.32 (1.07–1.64)	0.011	1.25 (0.96–1.62)	0.10
Sex
Female	1
Male	0.92 (0.76–1.32)	0.40
BMI (kg/m2)
< 18.5	1		1
≥ 18.5, < 25	0.68 (0.50–0.92)	0.013	0.85 (0.59–1.23)	0.39
≥ 25	0.63 (0.44–0.89)	0.009	1.04 (0.68–1.60)	0.85
Presence of weight loss	1.39 (1.11–1.74)	0.004	1.08 (0.85–1.39)	0.52
Tumor location
Head	1
Body/ tail	0.98 (0.81–1.19)	0.86
Tumor size (mm)
≤ 20	1		1
> 20	2.37 (1.77–3.17)	< 0.001	1.09 (0.73–1.63)	0.66
Clinical stage
0–IA	1		1
IB–IV	4.88 (3.00–7.94)	< 0.001	3.26 (1.66–6.38)	< 0.001
Treatment
Surgery	1
Chemotherapy or CRT	6.59 (5.12–8.49)	< 0.001	2.96 (1.53–5.73)	0.001
Best supportive care	24.7 (17.36–35.23)	< 0.001	10.88 (5.01–23.64)	< 0.001
Neoadjuvant treatment
No	1		1
Yes	0.25 (0.19–0.34)	< 0.001	0.62 (0.40–0.95)	0.027
Adjuvant treatment
No	1		1
Yes	0.18 (0.14–0.23)	< 0.001	0.65 (0.35–1.24)	0.19
Symptoms at diagnosis
Symptomatic	1		1
Asymptomatic	0.41 (0.33–0.51)	< 0.001	0.72 (0.55–0.95)	0.020

BMI body mass index, CRT chemoradiotherapy, DM diabetes mellitus, HR Hazard ratio, OS overall survival.