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. 2022 Mar 11;5:228. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03179-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Because binding constants of cis-interactions between TNFR1 receptors have not been experimentally characterized, different combinations of association and dissociation rates were tested in the domain-based simulations. For each combination, 20 simulation trajectories were carried out. We calculated the average number of ligand-receptor trans-interactions (red frame), as well as the average (yellow frame) and maximal (blue frame) size of clusters obtained from each combination after all simulations were terminated. The left, middle and right columns indicate the specific values of association rate, while dissociation rates used in the simulations are indexed at the bottom of each plot. The data derived from sTNFα-TNFR1 and mTNFα-TNFR1 systems are represented by black and striped bars, respectively.