Table 2.
The patient demographic and clinical characteristics of the data instances in the test set.
| Patient characteristics | Data instances related to no severe COPDa exacerbation in the following 12 months (n=7347), n (%) | Data instances related to severe COPD exacerbations in the following 12 months (n=182), n (%) | Data instances (n=7529), n (%) | |
| Sex | ||||
|
|
Female | 3242 (44.13) | 47 (25.8) | 3289 (43.68) |
|
|
Male | 4105 (55.87) | 135 (74.2) | 4240 (56.32) |
| Age (years) | ||||
|
|
40-65 | 3324 (45.24) | 118 (64.8) | 3442 (45.72) |
|
|
>65 | 4023 (54.76) | 64 (35.2) | 4087 (54.28) |
| Race | ||||
|
|
White | 5682 (77.34) | 111 (61.0) | 5793 (76.94) |
|
|
Black or African American | 839 (11.42) | 57 (31.3) | 896 (11.9) |
|
|
Asian | 432 (5.88) | 7 (3.9) | 439 (5.83) |
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native | 151 (2.06) | 5 (2.7) | 156 (2.07) |
|
|
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 51 (0.69) | 2 (1.1) | 53 (0.71) |
|
|
Other, unknown, or not reported | 192 (2.61) | 0 (0.0) | 192 (2.55) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
|
|
Hispanic | 185 (2.52) | 3 (1.6) | 188 (2.5) |
|
|
Non-Hispanic | 6909 (94.04) | 179 (98.4) | 7088 (94.14) |
|
|
Unknown or not reported | 253 (3.44) | 0 (0) | 253 (3.36) |
| Insurance | ||||
|
|
Public | 6722 (91.49) | 179 (98.4) | 6901 (91.66) |
|
|
Private | 4532 (61.69) | 110 (60.4) | 4642 (61.65) |
|
|
Self-paid or charity | 499 (6.79) | 41 (22.5) | 540 (7.17) |
| Number of years since the first encounter related to COPD in the data set | ||||
|
|
≤3 | 5073 (69.05) | 81 (44.5) | 5154 (68.46) |
|
|
>3 | 2274 (30.95) | 101 (55.5) | 2375 (31.54) |
| Smoking status | ||||
|
|
Current smoker | 3781 (51.46) | 112 (61.5) | 3893 (51.71) |
|
|
Former smoker | 1242 (16.91) | 25 (13.7) | 1267 (16.83) |
|
|
Never smoker or unknown | 2324 (31.63) | 45 (24.7) | 2369 (31.47) |
| COPD medication prescription | ||||
|
|
SABAb | 4083 (55.57) | 158 (86.8) | 4241 (56.33) |
|
|
SAMAc | 1134 (15.43) | 68 (37.4) | 1202 (15.96) |
|
|
SABA and SAMA combination | 1694 (23.06) | 115 (63.2) | 1809 (24.03) |
|
|
LABAd | 1683 (22.91) | 77 (42.3) | 1760 (23.38) |
|
|
LAMAe | 1951 (26.56) | 110 (60.4) | 2061 (27.37) |
|
|
LABA and LAMA combination | 388 (5.28) | 12 (6.6) | 400 (5.31) |
|
|
ICSf | 2537 (34.53) | 98 (53.8) | 2635 (35) |
|
|
ICS and LABA combination | 1729 (23.53) | 75 (41.2) | 1804 (23.96) |
|
|
ICS, LABA, and LAMA combination | 68 (0.93) | 1 (0.5) | 69 (0.92) |
|
|
Systemic corticosteroid | 2282 (31.06) | 103 (56.6) | 2385 (31.68) |
|
|
Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor | 24 (0.33) | 2 (1.1) | 26 (0.35) |
| Comorbidity | ||||
|
|
Anxiety or depression | 2090 (28.45) | 63 (34.6) | 2153 (28.6) |
|
|
Allergic rhinitis | 396 (5.39) | 14 (7.7) | 410 (5.45) |
|
|
Asthma | 1053 (14.33) | 43 (23.6) | 1096 (14.56) |
|
|
Diabetes | 1649 (22.44) | 40 (22) | 1689 (22.43) |
|
|
Congestive heart failure | 1369 (18.63) | 43 (23.6) | 1412 (18.75) |
|
|
Eczema | 247 (3.36) | 11 (6) | 258 (3.43) |
|
|
Hypertension | 3686 (50.17) | 105 (57.7) | 3791 (50.35) |
|
|
Gastroesophageal reflux | 1396 (19) | 47 (25.8) | 1443 (19.17) |
|
|
Ischemic heart disease | 1604 (21.83) | 54 (29.7) | 1658 (22.02) |
|
|
Obesity | 648 (8.82) | 21 (11.5) | 669 (8.89) |
|
|
Lung cancer | 200 (2.72) | 3 (1.6) | 203 (2.7) |
|
|
Sleep apnea | 887 (12.07) | 28 (15.4) | 915 (12.15) |
|
|
Sinusitis | 272 (3.7) | 7 (3.8) | 279 (3.71) |
aCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
bSABA: short-acting beta-2 agonist.
cSAMA: short-acting muscarinic antagonist.
dLABA: long-acting beta-2 agonist.
eLAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist.
fICS: inhaled corticosteroid.