Table 3.

Comparison of the VAS scores before and after treatment in the SVF and the control group

Before or after treatment
Group	Pre-treatment	1 year	2 years	3 years	5 years	Sum	F	p value
SVF	3.96 ± 1.46	1.69 ± 1.63***	2.04 ± 1.78***	2.43 ± 1.66***	2.86 ± 1.83**	2.60 ± 1.84	75.990	< 0.001
HA	3.55 ± 0.91	3.42 ± 0.99ns	3.50 ± 1.39ns	3.73 ± 1.29ns	3.95 ± 1.23ns	3.63 ± 1.18	9.067	< 0.001
Sum	3.73 ± 1.19	2.65 ± 1.57	2.85 ± 1.73	3.16 ± 1.60	3.47 ± 1.61	3.17 ± 1.59a	64.378a	< 0.001a
F	2.414	42.441	30.065	23.921	16.751	18.030a	(F = 49.319 p value < 0.001)b
p value	0.121	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001a

SVF, stromal vascular fraction; HA, hyaluronic acid

^aF statistic and p value of main effect

^bF statistic and p value of crossover effect

^*p value < 0.05; **p value < 0.01; ***p value < 0.001; ns, non-significant (p value > 0.05), compared with pre-treatment