Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population
| T2DM (n = 73) | non-T2DM (n = 30) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63.08 ± 9.25 | 56.00 ± 12.89 | 0.002* |
| Male (n, %) | 45 (61.6%) | 23 (76.7%) | 0.144 |
| Smoke (n, %) | 27 (37.0%) | 15 (50.0%) | 0.222 |
| Alcohol (n, %) | 18 (24.7%) | 10 (33.3%) | 0.369 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.00 ± 3.43 | 27.70 ± 4.71 | 0.042* |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 8.60 ± 3.69 | 5.31 ± 0.43 | < 0.001** |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.50 (6.60–9.10) | 5.75 (5.40–5.90) | < 0.001** |
| SBP (mmHg) | 131.88 ± 15.47 | 142.33 ± 15.12 | 0.002* |
| DBP (mmHg) | 74.38 ± 11.46 | 86.00 ± 15.41 | < 0.001** |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.97 (0.82–1.18) | 1.15 (0.99–1.50) | 0.004* |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.20 ± 0.89 | 2.86 ± 0.83 | 0.001* |
| TC (mmol/L) | 3.69 ± 1.06 | 4.66 ± 0.90 | < 0.001** |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.45 (1.02–1.87) | 1.42 (1.02–1.80) | 0.616 |
| Hcy (μmol/L) | 11.80 (10.40–14.15) | 11.10 (9.53–13.48) | 0.372 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 1.11 (0.59–3.33) | 1.20 (0.45–5.25) | 0.758 |
| EV ARG 1 (pg/mL) | 104.99 (90.05–126.10) | 40.50 (12.67–68.05) | < 0.001** |
| Coronary heart disease (n, %) | 51 (72.86%) | 7 (22.33%) | < 0.001** |
| Diabetic medication before admission (n, %) | 28 (38.36%) | 0 |
EV Extracellular vesicles, T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus, ARG 1 Arginase 1, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, FPG Fasting plasma glucose, BMI Body Mass Index, HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin A1c, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Hcy, homocysteine, hs-CRP High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Data are presented as n, mean ± SD, or median (interquartile range [IQR]) or n (%), unless otherwise stated. Differences between non-T2DM group and T2DM group were analyzed by the independent Student’s test, χ2 text, or Mann-Whitney U test
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001