Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2020 Oct 21;52(9):1710–1717. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720003475

Table 2.

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals from crude (unadjusted) and adjusted models with a quadratic effect of time.

Model
Crude Adjusted 1 Adjusted 2 Adjusted 3
Predictor AIC = 33 657.40 AIC = 33 654.66 AIC = 33 550.92 AIC = 31 042.23
Combination pills v. no contraception (time 1 month) 1.73 (1.44–2.08) 1.73 (1.44–2.08) 1.71 (1.42–2.06) 1.56 (1.30–1.88)
Combination pills v. no contraception (time 3 months) 1.61 (1.38–1.88) 1.61 (1.38–1.89) 1.60 (1.37–1.87) 1.47 (1.26–1.72)
Combination pills v. no contraception (time 6 months) 1.47 (1.28–1.68) 1.47 (1.28–1.68) 1.45 (1.26–1.67) 1.36 (1.18–1.56)
Combination pills v. no contraception (time 12 months) 1.25 (1.06–1.47) 1.25 (1.06–1.47) 1.24 (1.05–1.46) 1.19 (1.01–1.40)
Progestin-only pills v. no contraception (time 1 month) 2.78 (2.14–3.62) 2.77 (2.13–3.61) 2.70 (2.08–3.51) 2.13 (1.64–2.77)
Progestin-only pills v. no contraception (time 3 months) 2.53 (2.03–3.15) 2.52 (2.02–3.14) 2.46 (1.97–3.07) 1.96 (1.57–2.44)
Progestin-only pills v. no contraception (time 6 months) 2.23 (1.84–1.70) 2.22 (1.83–1.70) 2.17 (1.79–2.63) 1.75 (1.44–2.12)
Progestin-only pills v. no contraception (time 12 months) 1.82 (1.44–2.31) 1.82 (1.44–2.30) 1.78 (1.41–2.25) 1.48 (1.17–1.87)
Parental education, mid v. low 0.74 (0.56–0.97) 0.76 (0.58–1.00) 0.79 (0.60–1.04)
Parental education, high v. low 0.69 (0.53–0.91) 0.73 (0.56–0.96) 0.75 (0.57–0.98)
Parental suicidal attempt 3.51 (2.87–4.29) 2.21 (1.80–2.71)
DAD 20.10 (17.73–22.79)
BPN (lifetime) 31.27 (27.14–36.04)

DAD, depressive and anxiety disorders; BPN, bipolar disorder and non-affective psychosis.

HRs for suicidal behavior at specific time points after the onset of oral contraceptive use are presented. See Fig. 1 for the overall trajectory of risk