Table 5. Protocols of the ongoing studies registered at the WHO ICTRP.

WHO ICTRP: World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform; RCT: Randomized controlled trial, U3: upper canine, NR: not reported; TTM: time of tooth movement; RTM: rate of tooth movement

Study ID	Trial name or title	Study design	Intervention + treatment comparison	Sample size/age/gender	Outcomes
CTRI/2018/07/015109	Effectiveness of combined piezocision and low-level laser therapy in reducing orthodontic treatment duration and patient discomfort: A randomized controlled trial	RCT	Piezocision and low-level laser therapy versus conventional orthodontic treatment	17/NR/NR	Primary outcomes: TTM. Secondary outcomes: the analgesic effect of low-level laser therapy following piezocision
CTRI/2020/04/024453	Effectiveness of piezocision-assisted corticotomy and low-level laser therapy in enhancing rapid maxillary canine retraction: A randomized controlled trial	RCT	Piezocision-assisted corticotomy versus low-level Laser therapy (LLLT) versus LLLT and piezocision versus control	40/NR/NR	Primary outcomes: RTM. Secondary outcomes: molar anchorage loss, the periodontal index for the U3, and canine vitality and root resorption