Table 2.
Serum cytokine and chemokine profile (pg/mL)
| HA | MDD | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (men/women) | 10 (6/4) | 14 (4/10) | 0.21 |
| Proinflammatory cytokines | |||
| IL-1β | 4.41 (0.78, 10.55) | 1.31 (0.69, 5.70) | 0.28 |
| IL-2 | 1.33 (0.46, 16.09) | 0.79 (0.43, 9.91) | 0.38 |
| IL-6 | 5.93 (0.66, 19.76) | 6.46 (0.44, 58.14) | 0.47 |
| IL-8 | 2.76 (0.72, 9.95) | 1.14 (0.66, 7.63) | 0.27 |
| IL-17A | 4.40 (0.59, 16.13) | 0.68 (0.44, 11.90) | 0.22 |
| TNF-α | 7.23 (0.95, 37.77) | 1.44 (0.64, 26.08) | 0.31 |
| IFNγ | 20.26 (0.45, 64.16) | 3.70 (0.42, 76.26) | 0.34 |
| IL-12p70 | 1.25 (0.77, 3.56) | 0.91 (0.52, 9.83) | 0.40 |
| TGF-β1, free active | 30.88 (3.57, 99.89) | 3.57 (3.57, 34.04) | 0.09 |
| Anti-inflammatory cytokines | |||
| IL-4 | 5.34 (0.68, 120.50) | 0.97 (0.68, 60.40) | 0.42 |
| IL-10 | 5.20 (0.65, 10.99) | 1.57 (0.60, 22.19) | 0.59 |
| Chemokines | |||
| MCP-1 | 127.90 (102.70, 222.00) | 205.20 (87.15, 256.50) | 0.51 |
| IP-10 | 128.30 (108.00, 269.00) | 139.90 (53.99, 253.20) | 0.67 |
Values (in pg/mL) are medians (25th percentile, 75th percentile); n, number of participants. HA, healthy nondepressed young adults; IFNγ, interferon-γ; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IP-10 interferon γ-induced protein 10; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MDD, major depressive disorder; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-β1. All data, except sex ratios (fisher’s exact test), were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U test. P > 0.05, no significant difference found in any of the assessed markers.