Table 1:
Population metrics of the study cohort by Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction classification
| LVEF <= 40% | 40% < LVEF <= 50% | LVEF > 50% | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internal Testing Cohort | ||||
| Patients: n | 17,840 | 19,586 | 109,615 | |
| Echo-ECG pairs: n | 171,017 | 112,300 | 431,134 | |
| Age | 67.0 (66.9 – 67.1) | 66.6 (66.5 – 66.6) | 65.6 (65.6 – 65.7) | <0.0001 |
| Gender n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Male | 12,230 (68.55) | 13,128 (67.03) | 55,831 (50.93) | |
| Female | 5,610 (31.45) | 6,458 (32.97) | 53,784 (49.07) | |
| Race n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| American Indian | 419 (2.35%) | 552 (2.82%) | 2,755 (2.51%) | |
| Asian | 505 (2.83%) | 556 (2.84%) | 3,962 (3.61%) | |
| Black | 1,865 (10.45%) | 1,883 (9.61%) | 9,025 (8.23%) | |
| Hispanic | 1,975 (11.07%) | 2,196 (11.21%) | 11,300 (10.31%) | |
| Other | 1,302 (7.3%) | 1,365 (6.97%) | 8,041 (7.34%) | |
| Pacific Islander | 41 (0.23%) | 24 (0.12%) | 126 (0.11%) | |
| Unknown | 7,092 (39.75%) | 7,669 (39.16%) | 48,591 (44.33%) | |
| White | 4,641 (26.01%) | 5,341 (27.27%) | 25,815 (23.55%) | |
| LVEF | 28.7 (28.6 – 28.7) | 46.8 (46.7 – 46.8) | 62.0 (62.0 – 62.0) | <0.0001 |
| Ventricular Rate | 80.8 (80.5 – 81.0) | 76.3 (76.1 – 76.6) | 74.2 (74.1 – 74.3) | <0.0001 |
| Atrial Rate | 92.0 (91.2 – 92.9) | 85.5 (84.8 – 86.2) | 79.3 (79.1 – 79.5) | <0.0001 |
| PR Interval | 170.6 (167.7 – 173.5) | 168.6 (168.0 – 169.1) | 163.7 (163.5 – 163.9) | <0.0001 |
| QTc Interval | 471.0 (470.3 – 471.6) | 453.8 (453.2 – 454.3) | 439.4 (439.2 – 439.6) | <0.0001 |
| External Validation Cohort | ||||
| Patients | 123 | 84 | 390 | |
| Echo-ECG pairs | 372 | 214 | 853 | |
| Age | 64.0 (62.4 – 65.6) | 63.8 (61.8 – 65.8) | 62.3 (61.3 – 63.4) | 0.15 |
| Gender n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Male | 81 (65.85) | 58 (69.05) | 200 (51.28%) | |
| Female | 42 (34.15) | 26 (30.95) | 190 (48.72%) | |
| Race n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| American Indian | - | - | - | |
| Asian | - | - | - | |
| Black | 14 (11.38%) | 12 (14.29%) | 81 (23.21%) | |
| Hispanic | - | - | 25 (7.16%) | |
| Other | 32 (26.02%) | 20 (23.81%) | 90 (25.79%) | |
| Pacific Islander | - | - | - | |
| Unknown | 38 (30.89%) | 21 (25.0%) | 97 (24.87%) | |
| White | 28 (22.76%) | 24 (28.57%) | 95 (27.22%) | |
| LVEF | 25.5 (24.6 – 26.3) | 47.3 (46.9 – 47.7) | 61.5 (61.1 – 61.8) | <0.0001 |
| Ventricular Rate | 84.4 (80.9 – 87.9) | 78.5 (75.4 – 81.5) | 79.8 (78.1 – 81.6) | <0.0001 |
| Atrial Rate | 90.9 (83.1 – 98.8) | 93.7 (79.0 – 108.5) | 86.1 (82.1 – 90.1) | <0.0001 |
| PR Interval | 167.8 (160.4 – 175.1) | 175.6 (165.7 – 185.5) | 161.4 (158.2 – 164.5) | <0.0001 |
| QTc Interval | 480.9 (473.0 – 488.8) | 465.0 (456.9 – 473.2) | 448.6 (444.8 – 452.3) | <0.0001 |