Table 2.
Imaging data at Visit 2 by lifetime PTSD status assessed longitudinally.
|
No PTSD N =212 |
Late-Onset PTSD N =34 |
Longstanding PTSD N=29 |
P for Trend |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stress test hemodynamics, mean (95% CI) | |||||
| Resting systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 145 (142, 148) | 144 (137, 151) | 149 (141, 156) | 0.55 | |
| Resting diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 78 (76, 79) | 78 (74, 82) | 80 (75, 84) | 0.40 | |
| Resting heart rate, beat/min | 63 (61, 65) | 71 (67, 74) | 70 (65, 74) | <0.001 | |
| Maximum systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 133 (130, 136) | 137 (131, 144) | 138 (131, 145) | 0.12 | |
| Maximum diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 68 (67, 70) | 71 (68, 74) | 72 (68, 75) | 0.03 | |
| Maximum heart rate, beat/min | 87 (85, 89) | 90 (85, 95) | 89 (84, 95) | 0.20 | |
| Maximum rate-pressure product, beat x mm Hg/min per 1000 | 11.6 (11.2, 12.0) | 12.3 (11.5, 13.2) | 12.3 (11.4, 13.3) | 0.05 | |
| Myocardial Perfusion | |||||
| Normal scan, % (n)* | 79 (167) | 91 (31) | 79 (23) | 0.45 | |
| Total percent myocardium abnormal, mean (95% CI) | 3.5 (2.5, 4.4) | 2.5 (0.02, 4.9) | 3.2 (0.6, 5.9) | 0.67 | |
| Rest LVEF, mean (95% CI) | 63 (62, 65) | 65 (62, 68) | 62 (59, 65) | 0.96 | |
| Stress LVEF, mean (95% CI) | 69 (68, 70) | 69 (66, 72) | 66 (63, 69) | 0.12 | |
| Myocardial Blood Flow Quantitation, mean (95% CI) | |||||
| Whole myocardium | |||||
| Stress MBF, mL/min/gm | 1.49 (1.42, 1.56) | 1.53 (1.38, 1.68) | 1.37 (1.20, 1.54) | 0.32 | |
| Rest MBF, mL/min/gm | 0.72 (0.68, 0.76) | 0.82 (0.73, 0.92) | 0.72 (0.62, 0.82) | 0.41 | |
| MFR, mean ratio | 2.13 (2.06, 2.20) | 1.97 (1.81, 2.13) | 1.93 (1.76, 2.10)† | 0.01 | |
| MFR <2, % (n) | 40 (85) | 56 (19) | 72 (21)† | <0.001 | |
| Vascular territories | |||||
| LAD | Stress MBF, mL/min/gm | 1.53 (1.46, 1.60) | 1.51 (1.35, 1.66) | 1.38 (1.21, 1.55) | 0.13 |
| Rest MBF, mL/min/gm | 0.74 (0.66, 0.81) | 0.93 (0.74, 1.11) | 0.73 (0.52, 0.93) | 0.52 | |
| MFR, mean ratio | 2.19 (2.12, 2.26) | 2.02 (1.85, 2.19) | 1.95 (1.77, 2.14)† | 0.006 | |
| RFR, mean ratio | 0.94 (0.93, 0.96) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.96) | 0.93 (0.89, 0.97) | 0.38 | |
| LCX | Stress MBF, mL/min/gm | 1.59 (1.49, 1.70) | 1.74 (1.50, 1.98) | 1.47 (1.21, 1.74) | 0.11 |
| Rest MBF, mL/min/gm | 0.74 (0.71, 0.76) | 0.79 (0.73, 0.85) | 0.77 (0.70, 0.83) | 0.16 | |
| MFR, mean ratio | 2.14 (2.06, 2.21) | 1.96 (1.79, 2.13)† | 1.93 (1.74, 2.11)† | 0.009 | |
| RFR, mean ratio | 0.97 (0.96, 0.97) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.05 | |
| RCA | Stress MBF, mL/min/gm | 1.35 (1.29, 1.41) | 1.33 (1.21, 1.45) | 1.26 (1.12, 1.40) | 0.26 |
| Rest MBF, mL/min/gm | 0.68 (.65, 0.71) | 0.70 (0.63, 0.78) | 0.67 (0.59, 0.74) | 0.96 | |
| MFR, mean ratio | 2.04 (1.97, 2.11) | 1.91 (1.75, 2.07) | 1.90 (1.73, 2.08) | 0.07 | |
| RFR, mean ratio | 0.84 (0.82, 0.86) | 0.83 (0.79, 0.87) | 0.85 (0.80, 0.89) | 0.97 | |
Abbreviations: PTSD: posttraumatic stress disorder; CI: confidence interval; MBF: myocardial blood flow; MFR: myocardial blood reserve; LAD: left anterior descending; LCX: left circumflex; RCA: right coronary artery; RFR: relative flow reserve.
No PTSD: No lifetime PTSD diagnosis at both visits; Late-Onset PTSD: Lifetime PTSD at Visit 2 but not at Visit 1; Longstanding PTSD: Lifetime PTSD at both Visit 1 and Visit 2. LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.
*
Summed stress score ≤ 3, corresponding to < 5% myocardium abnormal.
†
p<0.05 compared with No PTSD.