Table 2.
Procedures used for each type of routine and outcomes
| Routine | Outcomes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mixed | Negative | Positive | |
| Bathroom hygiene | |||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR | 1 | ||
| Dental exam | |||
| DRA, EE, NCR, GE, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, SR + fading, GE | 1 | 1 | |
| DRA, w/o EE, GE | 1 | ||
| EE, GE | 1 | ||
| w/o EE, GE | 1 | 1 | |
| Feminine hygiene | |||
| Chaining | 2 | 2 | |
| DRA, Chaining, Other | 1 | ||
| Other | 1 | ||
| fMRI | |||
| DRA, Other | 1 | ||
| Hair care | |||
| Chaining | 2 | ||
| Chaining, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR | 1 | ||
| DRA, w/o EE, GE | 2 | ||
| GE | 1 | ||
| Handwashing | |||
| Chaining | 1 | ||
| Chaining, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, Other | 1 | ||
| MRI | |||
| DRA, EE, GE | 1 | ||
| SR + fading, DRO | 1 | ||
| Nail cutting | |||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, w/o EE | 1 | ||
| Physical exam | |||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, w/o EE, GE | 1 | ||
| DRO, EE, GE, Shaping | 1 | ||
| w/o EE, GE, Other | 1 | ||
| Pill swallowing | |||
| w/o EE, GE | 1 | ||
| Showering | |||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR | 1 | ||
| Skin care | |||
| DRA, GE, Other | 1 | ||
| Toothbrushing | |||
| Chaining | 3 | 1 | |
| Chaining, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR | 1 | ||
| DRA, w/o EE, GE | 1 | ||
| SR + fading, Chaining | 1 | ||
| Venipuncture | |||
| DRA, EE, GE, Other | 2 | ||
| DRA, w/o EE, GE | 1 | ||
| DRO, w/o EE | 1 | ||
| DRO, w/o EE, GE | 1 | ||
| EE, GE | 1 | ||
| Wearing masks | |||
| DRA, EE, GE | 1 | ||
| DRA, SR + fading, DRO, EE, w/o EE, NCR, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, w/o EE, GE, Shaping, Other | 1 | ||
| SR + fading, DRO, w/o EE | 1 | ||
| Wearing medical devices | |||
| Chaining | 1 | 2 | |
| DRA, EE, Other | 1 | ||
| DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR, Other | 1 | ||
| NCR, Other | 1 | ||
| SR + fading, DRO, EE | 1 | ||
| SR + fading, DRO, w/o EE | 1 | ||
| SR + fading, w/o EE, NCR | 1 | ||
Note. The numbers refer to the numbers of experiments falling into each outcome category. DRA differential reinforcement of alternative behavior; DRO differential reinforcement of other behavior; SR + fading reinforcement fading, NCR Non-contingent reinforcement; EE escape extinction; GE graduated exposure