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. 2022 Mar 14;6(3):237–252. doi: 10.1007/s41252-022-00249-7

Table 2.

Procedures used for each type of routine and outcomes

Routine Outcomes
Mixed Negative Positive
Bathroom hygiene
DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR 1
Dental exam
DRA, EE, NCR, GE, Other 1
DRA, SR + fading, GE 1 1
DRA, w/o EE, GE 1
EE, GE 1
w/o EE, GE 1 1
Feminine hygiene
Chaining 2 2
DRA, Chaining, Other 1
Other 1
fMRI
DRA, Other 1
Hair care
Chaining 2
Chaining, Other 1
DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR 1
DRA, w/o EE, GE 2
GE 1
Handwashing
Chaining 1
Chaining, Other 1
DRA, Other 1
MRI
DRA, EE, GE 1
SR + fading, DRO 1
Nail cutting
DRA, SR + fading, EE, Other 1
DRA, w/o EE 1
Physical exam
DRA, SR + fading, EE, Other 1
DRA, w/o EE, GE 1
DRO, EE, GE, Shaping 1
w/o EE, GE, Other 1
Pill swallowing
w/o EE, GE 1
Showering
DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR 1
Skin care
DRA, GE, Other 1
Toothbrushing
Chaining 3 1
Chaining, Other 1
DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR 1
DRA, w/o EE, GE 1
SR + fading, Chaining 1
Venipuncture
DRA, EE, GE, Other 2
DRA, w/o EE, GE 1
DRO, w/o EE 1
DRO, w/o EE, GE 1
EE, GE 1
Wearing masks
DRA, EE, GE 1
DRA, SR + fading, DRO, EE, w/o EE, NCR, Other 1
DRA, w/o EE, GE, Shaping, Other 1
SR + fading, DRO, w/o EE 1
Wearing medical devices
Chaining 1 2
DRA, EE, Other 1
DRA, SR + fading, EE, NCR, Other 1
NCR, Other 1
SR + fading, DRO, EE 1
SR + fading, DRO, w/o EE 1
SR + fading, w/o EE, NCR 1

Note. The numbers refer to the numbers of experiments falling into each outcome category. DRA differential reinforcement of alternative behavior; DRO differential reinforcement of other behavior; SR + fading reinforcement fading, NCR Non-contingent reinforcement; EE escape extinction; GE graduated exposure