Table 21.

Comparison of results for rolling element bearing design problem

Algorithms	SADE	ABC	PSOGSA	TLBO	WOA	HGSA	HHO	ACVO
$D_m$	125	127.393727	125.0085325	125.6830297	125.1007341	125.7080059	125.305428	125.7095901
$D_b$	21.42330094	20.37891402	21.11263796	21.42330091	21.42330001	21.42330054	21.41961507	21.42329966
Z	10.94309732	11.55679004	11.06226678	10.99797096	10.95119042	10.99997761	10.96902407	11.00010435
$f_i$	0.515	0.515	0.515	0.515	0.515	0.515	0.515	0.515
$f_o$	0.515	0.53271438	0.519599291	0.515	0.515	0.515	0.515088575	0.515
$K_{\mathit{Dmin}}$	0.5	0.491963843	0.404876429	0.454384155	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.483526982
$K_{\mathit{Dmax}}$	0.69522976	0.647640879	0.603250134	0.624561334	0.7	0.7	0.646640076	0.618218965
$\epsilon$	0.3	0.3	0.300000011	0.300036133	0.314216016	0.300304057	0.3	0.300275339
e	0.023301906	0.020595704	0.1	0.02	0.02	0.027109778	0.1	0.02
$\xi$	0.626576428	0.645102744	0.703712695	0.607771799	0.6	0.6	0.70453363	0.647881738
$C_d$	85220.6809	80900.6816	83650.9164	85521.743	85265.167	85532.7227	85336.7584	85533.4103

Bold values indicate the best results generated by the algorithms