Table 3.
Factors associated with ICU mortality: results from the multiple logistic regression models.
| Parameter | All (n = 10,628) | Subgroup Analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Surgical ICU patients (n = 4434) Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Medical ICU patients (n = 6194) Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|
| |||
| Arrival day and time | |||
| Monday-Friday 18:00–07:59 h | 1.04 (0.853, 1.268) | 0.924 (0.617, 1.385) | 1.086 (0.864, 1.365) |
| Saturday-Sunday 08:00–17:59 h | 1.329 (1.026, 1.723)* | 1.191 (0.612, 2.318) | 1.354 (1.019, 1.799)* |
| Saturday-Sunday 18:00–07:59 h | 1.247 (0.963, 1.615) | 1.365 (0.805, 2.314) | 1.225 (0.908, 1.651) |
| Monday-Friday 08:00–17:59 h | Reference | ||
| Age † | 1.012 (1.003, 1.02)‡ | 1.011 (0.99, 1.032) | 1.014 (1.004, 1.024)‡ |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 0.94 (0.79, 1.118) | 1.265 (0.886, 1.804) | 0.846 (0.692, 1.035) |
| Male | Reference | ||
| Race | |||
| Black | 0.885 (0.703, 1.114) | 1.224 (0.759, 1.974) | 0.82 (0.63, 1.068) |
| Other § | 1.211 (0.821, 1.785) | 1.16 (0.5, 2.694) | 1.24 (0.795, 1.936) |
| White | Reference | ||
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 0.709 (0.396, 1.269) | 1 (0.356, 2.808) | 0.587 (0.288, 1.197) |
| Unknown | 4.357 (3.123, 6.08)‡ | 6.448 (3.123, 13.314)‡ | 3.972 (2.712, 5.818)‡ |
| Non-Hispanic or Latino | Reference | ||
| Language | |||
| English | 0.457 (0.313, 0.666)‡ | 0.436 (0.201, 0.946)* | 0.472 (0.305, 0.73)* |
| Other Language | Reference | ||
| Insurance | |||
| Medicaid | 1.31 (0.804, 2.135) | 2.031 (0.786, 5.25) | 1.125 (0.623, 2.033) |
| Medicare | 1.006 (0.818, 1.239) | 1.163 (0.758, 1.785) | 1 (0.787, 1.271) |
| Commercial | Reference | ||
| Admission Type | |||
| Elective | 0.73 (0.5, 1.064) | 0.65 (0.403, 1.049) | 1.176 (0.617, 2.242) |
| Traumaǁ | 1.181 (0.439, 3.179) | 1.897 (0.411, 8.768) | 0.694 (0.158, 3.047) |
| Urgent# | 0.752 (0.536, 1.056) | 0.608 (0.319, 1.158) | 0.832 (0.553, 1.25) |
| Emergency | Reference | ||
| Previous Unit Location | |||
| Catheterization Lab | 0.569 (0.408, 0.793)‡ | 0.513 (0.361, 0.729)‡ | |
| Operating room | 0.27 (0.179, 0.407)‡ | 0.338 (0.198, 0.575)‡ | |
| Other** | 0.337 (0.044, 2.563) | 0.001 (0.001, 999.999) | 1.234 (0.159, 9.597) |
| Other ICU†† | 4.619 (3.182, 6.707)‡ | 11.301 (5.432, 23.512)‡ | 3.056 (1.91, 4.89)‡ |
| Pre-admission‡‡ | 1.026 (0.663, 1.588) | 1.1 (0.435, 2.786) | 0.993 (0.6, 1.644) |
| Step Down/Floor | 1.225 (0.968, 1.55) | 0.804 (0.388, 1.667) | 1.284 (0.997, 1.653) |
| Emergency | Reference | ||
| CICU Admitting Service | |||
| Medicine | 0.703 (0.535, 0.923)‡ | ||
| Surgery | Reference | ||
| Comorbid medical conditions§§ | |||
| Cerebrovascular Disease | 1.327 (1.094, 1.61)‡ | 1.689 (1.122, 2.543)* | 1.257 (1.005, 1.572)* |
| Heart Failure | 1.375 (1.134, 1.667)‡ | 2.072 (1.389, 3.092)‡ | 1.221 (0.975, 1.528) |
| Chronic Lung Conditions | 1.099 (0.913, 1.324) | 1.293 (0.868, 1.926) | 1.059 (0.855, 1.313) |
| Liver Disease | 2.635 (1.698, 4.088)‡ | 12.427 (4.989, 30.952)‡ | 1.945 (1.173, 3.225)‡ |
| Diabetes | 0.994 (0.827, 1.194) | 1.051 (0.708, 1.56) | 1.013 (0.82, 1.252) |
| Renal Failure | 1.395 (1.128, 1.724)‡ | 1.882 (1.149, 3.082)* | 1.354 (1.064, 1.721)* |
| Myocardial Infarction | 0.84 (0.703, 1.004) | 1.01 (0.68, 1.502) | 0.811 (0.66, 0.995)* |
| Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Score | 1.051 (1.009, 1.095)* | 0.925 (0.814, 1.05) | 1.071 (1.025, 1.119)‡ |
| Admission year | 1.015 (0.956, 1.077) | 0.951 (0.84, 1.077) | 1.038 (0.969, 1.112) |
| Intensivist Model | 0.869 (0.646, 1.168) | 0.839 (0.456, 1.541) | 0.894 (0.634, 1.261) |
P<0.05.
Age is centered to mean.
P <0.01.
Other racial groupings included Asian, American Indian, Native Hawaiian, other, unavailable, or declined.
Trauma admissions were cleared by the trauma service before admission to their respective services.
Urgent admissions represented unscheduled emergent admissions that did not originate in the emergency department; for example, scheduled elective surgery with complications, pre-admissions from home or a doctor’s office, or transfers from other facilities.
Other previous unit locations included primarily gastroenterology endoscopy and obstetric triage units.
Other ICUs included medical, neurological, and surgical at our facility or as transfers from other institutions’ ICUs.
Pre-admissions included direct admissions.
The reference level for comorbid conditions is the absence of the specific comorbid condition.