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. 2022 Mar 11;10(3):e004044. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004044

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Neoadjuvant in situ eCPMV immunotherapy is associated with improved survival in canine IMC patients. Canine patients treated with eCPMV injections (continuous line) showed longer survival than dogs treated only with medical therapy (broken line), but not eCPMV therapy. Y-axis denotes the survival probability and x-axis the number of days after first treatment with eCPMV therapy. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed as described in Materials and Methods. eCPMV, empty cowpea mosaic virus; IMC, inflammatory mammary cancer; SOC, standard of care.