Table 2.
Clinical manifestations and laboratory indices of severity at admission
| Survived (n = 59) |
Died (n = 25) |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blantyre Coma Score | 0.004 | ||||
| 0 or 1 | 14 (23.7) | 14 (56.0) | |||
| 2 | 45 (76.3) | 11 (44.0) | |||
| Prostrationa | 39 (66.1) | 17 (68.0) | 0.87 | ||
| Multiple convulsionsb | 29 (49.2) | 11 (44.0) | 0.62 | ||
| Respiratory distress or acidotic breathing | 11 (18.6) | 10 (40.0) | 0.04 | ||
| Shock, systolic blood pressure < 50 mmHg | 2 (3.4) | 2 (8.0) | 0.58 | ||
| Jaundice or increased bilirubin > 50 μmol/L | 18 (30.5) | 17 (68.0) | 0.002 | ||
| Abnormal bleedingc | 1 (1.7) | 2 (8.0) | 0.21 | ||
| Hypoglycemia (glucose < 2.2 mmol/L) | 13 (22.0) | 15 (60.0) | 0.0007 | ||
| Acidosis (plasma bicarbonate < 15 mmol/L) | 20 (34.5) | 20 (80.0) | 0.0001 | ||
| Hyperlactatemia (venous plasma lactate > 5 mmol/L) | 27 (46.5) | 21 (84.0) | 0.002 | ||
| Severe anemia (hemoglobin < 50 g/L, hematocrit < 15%) | 22 (37.3) | 10 (40.0) | 0.81 | ||
| Renal impairment (serum creatinine > 265 μmol/L | 0 (0.0) | 2 (9.1) | 0.07 | ||
Data are numbers (%) of children, unless otherwise indicated
aGeneralized weakness such that the patient is unable to sit, stand, or walk without assistance
bMore than two episodes within 24 h
cIncluding recurrent or prolonged bleeding from the nose, gums, or venipuncture sites; hematemesis or melena