Table 6.

Effects on working from home proportion (N = 2,366).

Structural model	Unstandardized coefficients
Outcome: WFH proportion	Direct effect	Total effect
Predictors
Degree of COVID-19 severity (latent)	0.161***	0.189***
Socio-economic characteristics and ICT usage
Black	−0.009	−0.003
Male	−0.118*	−0.080
Median HH Income (Base = Middle, High) Low	---	−0.251 ***
Average commute time (Base = Medium) Low High	−0.333 4.274**	−1.367*** 5.623***
Pre-COVID WFH proportion $\times$ HH fraction with internet access	6.219***	6.219***
Location characteristics
Population density (in log)	0.331**	0.721***
Road network density (in log)	−2.662***	−2.745***
No. of points of interests	---	0.001**
Presence of airport	---	0.015
COVID-19 policies
Stringency index	0.703**	0.703**
Containment & health index	0.275	0.275

Note: WFH refers to working from home, --- denotes no direct connections, and *, **,

and *** indicate statistical significance at 10%, 5%, and 1%, respectively.