Table 1.

(b). Composition and characterization of niosomes prepared according to different design points of D-optimal mixture design. Data are duplicate measurements of each trial (mean ± SD).

b)
	Run Order	Mixture componentsa			Characterization
Trial number		Ab	Bb	Cb	PS c	PDIc	ZPc	EEc
S1	5	0.5	0.5	0	244.3 ± 0.2	0.571 ± 0.077	−37.5 ± 0.4	85.3 ± 1.1
S2	11	0	0	1	95.5 ± 0.2	0.216 ± 0.008	−27.6 ± 0.6	72.6 ± 2.9
S3	10	1	0	0	232.1 ± 0.1	0.602 ± 0.042	−37.8 ± 2.1	84.2 ± 0.3
S4	6	0	1	0	190.2 ± 3.6	0.563 ± 0.021	−39.3 ± 0.4	85.7 ± 0.6
S5	3	0.5	0	0.5	96.3 ± 1.7	0.223 ± 0.000	−29.5 ± 0.6	80.4 ± 1.3
S6	9	0	0.5	0.5	139.1 ± 4.0	0.341 ± 0.056	−39.4 ± 0.6	76.6 ± 1.0
S7	12	0.667	0.167	0.167	320.7 ± 14.2	0.689 ± 0.083	0.0 ± 0.1	85.7 ± 1.7
S8	7	0.167	0.667	0.167	314.4 ± 15.9	0.530 ± 0.033	0.1 ± 0.0	81.5 ± 0.2
S9	13	0.167	0.167	0.667	136.7 ± 0.1	0.322 ± 0.044	0.1 ± 0.1	73.5 ± 2.1
S10 d	8	0	0	1	107.4 ± 2.3	0.248 ± 0.001	−29.6 ± 0.3	72.5 ± 0.4
S11 d	1	1	0	0	225.5 ± 11.6	0.468 ± 0.006	−36.0 ± 1.7	86.3 ± 0.6
S12 d	4	0	1	0	213.9 ± 21.9	0.443 ± 0.069	−39.0 ± 0.4	84.7 ± 0.2
S13 d	2	0.5	0.5	0	240.2 ± 2.7	0.390 ± 0.017	−36.9 ± 0.1	85.0 ± 1.9

The total amount of film-forming components was fixed at 320 mg.

^aMixture components are shown in L-pseudo values.

^bA: Span 20, B: Cholesterol, C: Cremophor RH.

^cPS: Particle size (nm), PDI: Polydispersity index, ZP: Zeta potential (mV), EE: Entrapment efficiency (%).

^dTrials S10 to S13 are replicates of S2, S3, S4, and S1, respectively.