FIGURE 3.

FNDC5 suppresses aging‐associated inflammatory response in mice. (a) 6‐month (M)‐old young and 18‐M‐old aging mice were injected with AAV9‐FNDC5 (1 × 10¹¹ viral genome per mouse) from the tail vein for 8 weeks to specifically overexpress FNDC5 in the myocardium or AAV9‐NC as a control, and then, the myocardial interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels were determined by ELISA kits (n = 6). (b) The immunohistochemistry staining of CD45 and CD68 in murine hearts (n = 6). (c‐d) Western blot images and the statistical results of p16, p19, and p21 proteins (n = 6). (e) The caspase‐1 activity in murine hearts (n = 6). (f) The myocardial IL‐1β and IL‐18 levels were determined by ELISA kits (n = 6). (g) Representative dihydroethidium (DHE) staining images in murine hearts and the statistical results (n = 6). Values represent the mean ±standard deviation. *p < 0.05 versus the matched group