TABLE 1.
General characteristics of study participants
| Variables | Discovery stage | Validation stage | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WHZH panel | SY panel | COW panel | DFTJ sub‐cohort | |
| No. (males) | 205 | 107 | 107 | 587 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 53.3 ± 12.6 | 40.0 ± 10.7 | 47.0 ± 9.4 | 66.6 ± 6.6 |
| min–max | 25.6–89.0 | 22.0–65.0 | 26.2–60.2 | 42.5–87.5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.6 ± 2.8 | 24.5 ± 2.6 | 23.8 ± 2.7 | 24.0 ± 3.0 |
| Smoking pack‐year | 14.6 ± 14.9 | 8.3 ± 14.0 | 20.1 ± 17.5 | 18.0 ± 20.9 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Ever smokers | 133 (64.9) | 47 (43.9) | 87 (81.3) | 353 (60.1) |
| Never smokers | 72 (35.1) | 60 (56.1) | 20 (18.7) | 234 (39.9) |
| Alcohol drinking status | ||||
| Ever alcohol drinkers | 83 (40.5) | 54 (50.5) | 51 (47.7) | 318 (54.2) |
| Never alcohol drinkers | 122 (59.5) | 53 (49.5) | 56 (52.3) | 269 (45.8) |
| White blood cell counts (×109/L) | ||||
| Total white blood cells | 6.1 ± 1.6 | 6.1 ± 1.4 | 6.9 ± 1.6 | 5.6 ± 1.3 |
| Neutrophils | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 3.5 ± 1.0 | 4.2 ± 1.3 | 3.4 ± 1.0 |
| Lymphocytes | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.5 |
| Intermediate cells | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2 |
Values were shown as mean ± SD for continuous variables or n (%) for categorical variables. Intermediate cells were the sum of monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COW, study subjects selected from the cohort of coke oven workers; DFTJ, sub‐cohort subjects from the Dongfeng‐Tongji Cohort Study; SY, subjects recruited from Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China; WHZH, study subjects selected from the Wuhan‐Zhuhai cohort study.