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Effects of hyperglycemia on colorectal carcinogenesis. RAGE: receptor for advanced glycation end products; AGEs: advanced glycation end products; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase; SP1: specificity protein 1; MMP-2: matrix metallopeptidase-2; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-B; PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; YAP-1: Yes-associated protein-1; GLUT1: glucose transporter 1; GLUT3: glucose transporter 3.
