Table 1. Clinical trials of CAR-T or CAR-Treg cell treatment for autoimmune diseases.
| Specific autoantigen | Intervention | Disease | Phase | Status | Completion date | NCT ID |
| BCMA: B cell maturation antigen; CAR-T: Chimeric antigen receptor T cell; Dsg3: Desmosomal core glycoprotein-3. | ||||||
| BCMA
(CD269) |
Descartes-08 CAR-T | Myasthenia Gravis (MG) | I&II | Recruiting | 1 April 2022 | NCT04146051 |
| CT103A cell | Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) | I | Recruiting | 31 December 2023 | NCT04561557 | |
| BCMA
& CD19 |
CD19/BCMA CAR T | Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) | I | Recruiting | 5 November 2024 | NCT05085431 |
| CD19/BCMA CAR T | Scleroderma | I | Recruiting | 8 October 2024 | NCT05085444 | |
| CD19 / BCMA CAR T | Immune Nephritis | I | Recruiting | 5 November 2024 | NCT05085418 | |
| CD19/BCMA CAR T | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE） | I | Recruiting | 10 September 2022 | NCT05030779 | |
| CD19 | Anti-CD19 CAR-T | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE） | I | Unknown | March 2018 | NCT03030976 |
| Anti-Dsg3 surface immunoglobulin | DSG3-CAAR T | Mucosal-dominant PV (mPV) | I | Recruiting | September 2026 | NCT04422912 |