Table 1.

Studies considering TiRe-LII from elemental particles, ordered by number of studies considering a given element

Element	Material class	LII studies	Boiling point [96]	Heat transfer model?
Iron (Fe)	Liquid phase metals	Vander Wal et al. [42], Starke et al. [91], Kock et al. [58], Eremin et al. [59, 71, 74, 97], Kiefer et al. [98], Gurentsov and Eremin [99], Sipkens et al. [60, 61, 73]	3134 K	Yes: see Table 2
Silicon (Si)	Liquid semiconductors (metalloids)	Eom et al. [100, 101], Sipkens et al. [72], Menser et al. [46, 92], Daun et al. [40]	3538 K	Yes: [46, 72, 92, 100, 101]
Molybdenum (Mo)	Refractory metals	Vander Wal et al. [42], Murakami et al. [88], Sipkens et al. [60, 81], Eremin and Gurentsov [85]	4912 K	Yes: [60, 81, 85, 88]
Silver (Ag)	Plasmonic nanoparticles	Filippov et al. [89], Sipkens et al. [60]	2435 K	No*
Nickel (Ni)	Liquid phase metals	Reimann et al. [102], Robinson-Enebeli et al. [75]	3186 K	Yes: [75]
Gold (Au)	Plasmonic nanoparticles	Talebi Moghaddam et al. [103]	3129 K	No
Tungsten (W)	Refractory metals	Vander Wal et al. [42]	5828 K	No
Titanium (Ti)	Refractory metals	Vander Wal et al. [42]	3560 K	No
Tin (Sn)	Liquid phase metals	Vander Wal et al. [42]	2875 K	No
Copper (Cu)	Liquid phase metals	Daun et al. [40]	2835 K	No
Germanium (Ge)	Liquid semiconductors (metalloids)	Menser et al. [92]	3106 K	Yes: [92]

*While Sipkens et al. [60] developed a heat transfer model for silver, recent work [44] has cast doubt on its utility, as the pyrometrically inferred temperatures in this study are unlikely to correspond to the true temperature because of potential interference from emission other than LII (see Sect. 3.2).